

  
Ŀ¼ 

һӾʬ

Ӱ
ġǰѰ
塢Ԥ
ѹĵ
ߡƸ־
ˡ
šӰ庮
ʮجȺ
ʮһɻ
ʮѪȾˮ





 

  
һӾʬ 

һʬ
ˣŽС˼ǡ»СС»ޡ෴רšǡС»󣬴ɡ
ǰ˵ɣܹʱѾֵǷ꣬˲֪˽ˡ
ʬ塱̶ֵġ
˭ǰˣӲû˼
ĪֺʮԼҲǰһ׺ӣƵƵҡͷ̾Ϣס档
ԽԽࡣ
ѣ㣬㣬ǺѹѹһƬĸᣬǰһӵҲûô֣
ƹ⡢Χ̶طҫͬһ㡣
ʬ̶ֱֱ
ˮ
ڱ
ŵĺ죬һ侢̶ˮһǰͶϱˡ
ǡӱĶңÿʱҪ̶ƽ˶񣬺ڿǰһЩ飬˵ȥȵһյЩɾֵǮˡ
Ϊ¸ģ
벻һȴֹ¡
ǧ۾Ķ֮£ֻԺ붯ЩͷɾͲˡ
̶ˮж˵̳˵ɣ˵ʮɣ˵û׶ǻһţСӲ˵̶ÿ÷ʱڣˮһ
л˵ġ
˷Ӵ˻ԽԽࡣ
ĵڵš
ſ̨˵ʬ
̨ӡ֣ԭǡ֡Ϊ½Ÿġ
£Ȼ
ȸϲͷŷʮһվ˼˸ٵƣҾ֪кϷԿˣԲԽԽ࣬᲻뿪
Ųͷ̶¼յƣƹֱʬҲŸܶϤ΢
ߺһģʮ꣬ݸݸߵĸͷһͷڷ˵˵̲̣ƽƽǰϣŮġʽࡣ
죬˶һްǮĶƤͳӣһȴһذ׳ӵؿӣʷʴģ۵ȴǰһŽ˸Ĵťۡ
˴ЩťǳɵġȷеΪڵƹҫ֮£ÿһӶ˸ҫ⣬ͭôǿĹȡ
̨˻û
ŲͷЩͲסˣ˽˱̶ϣǸˣһطźޣ
ģﲻôôһ⣿
ôȥģȴôҲ벻ͨ
ŷ참˵жʮˣʲôûʲôʬûǰһ׮ǡޡͷһء
˵ǼҲû
̶ˮҪôļҲð¡ڽ֮ǰôʬһḡˮϣҪǸոӦó̶ӵ¡
ô£˵ϲϣ˵²£Ȼḡǳˮм䣡
ţ
Ųͷֹһε֡
Һɫüëţűʬ壬ҪŪҲһ£ҿӱĶæ߰˸Ļƣűӡ˿ǯӡ
ʬ嵱ȻӲΪʬʬҪľҪʬҪ鿴ǡɱǡɱҪڡɱ黹򵥣ڸ˾£Ҫǡɱǿɾ鷳ˣ˶ǵڸŪˮʯɡ
Ȼ⵱Уȫλͷˡ
ͷ뵽ô᲻
̶ɧ
Զ˼ٵĿ
ӳֵƵǰţضӵİ̧ϡ
һֱǰͣ
Ųͷǰҿ˽ӣŷ֣λ̨ɽ˳
źö񣬴źƤñӣһʮˣһ̬ڷЩӹǱҲ
Ųͷָ£һֱߵ̶ϡ
ԭӵ˷һ½֮ʱĿԶ
һ۾ھӱʬ֮ȫתƵ˵ϣҪλ̨ˣôֵ
űʬ壬а̵ʱ䣬һ仰Ҳû˵
ˣŲͷС˵Ǹ͡
˵һͷ˵͸鷳
ƾʮĵط٣ǵһμȷ͸ϡ
ָʾ䣬Ųͷ˵ְѴāˡ
ã˵ʬ
ŲͷһƣӸֱ⵽˱ϣñ꣬ӣʼűá
æ֣ͣô𷨣ͿͿ
Ųͷæֹ
˷Ը˵þΧҪűʬ壡
ŲͷӦһȥñڱ滮һķĸӣԸñӰŸӾ⣬һʱæһš
̶ϰһſӣһůֵ¯ֵһ̣ӻһӺĢ
һ̣ǰŲͷôϳӣʲô¶ˣ
ɲŲͷɥ˵ţϣʧ׹ˮԼľͺˡ
ܣ
ˡۡһֽý˼ֻ̣۾Ц
˹⵷ңط첻ɣҪ죬ʡ֪ˣһй²顣
˵˼ǡ
ʲôӣ˵ٲˣҪЩˡ
˵ǣ
Ųͷȥȷǹģ˵仰û
ʱһӣù˰һǶʬĳδ鹳
ˡվСŵǧܰʬŪˣ
˼ۣӵӣù͵ùͣϴľŰǿǧĴ˰ϡ
ҺΧſڱеʬףڿڷ׷ףҳһš
Ųͷ커ţֿȺһֱߵ˱ǰ
Χķεıһתϸϸؿһ飬ŲͷҲϸĵشһȦ
˻һ֣˰ѱת˸Ƕȣֿ˸ϸ
ûˣ
ûСŲͷ϶صͷģ
صˣӦǴӣ񡣡
ɲ𣡱ǸһҲûС
żİ˿ſɲ⡣ֽŲڿһЩơ
˱Ҫֳʬȴǰ̫࣬ȺԽԽ࣬Χ˸ˮйͨ
Σʱ⣬Ըʬ̧ͬŴ
ԸϣϽλظ
Ųͷȡ«ϯһѱͬʬһ£ѺŰܷ򣬰شǧĴ飬̧š
һоԺѲҹʱˡ
ŲͷƱʬ
ĵƱʬԣڱĸ̿¯ӡ
ʱѾˡ
ȫڻʱ򣬱ض콫
һæ˰ҹЩˡ
Ųͷ˰·ŴַԸĲ조βޡ⡣
һзԸ׵ƣӷ˯ȥˡ
  
˶־Žġʬʮӡ
һ磬ȥ˴ͷŷ
ŲͷרΪʬ˿ƴ幫һμ˸̨ˡ
һˣƺƵ·ǰ
βޡߣǰ״æӭ밲˷Ըʬ
Կ˷š
ֻֻ̿
ڽ⡣
ֻһ㡪ʬȴˡ
ϣڻ˵ıˮˮյġ
·ȴţ⻹صһդһжֻʬ岻ˡ
ֳ˵۾ֱˣ
˾ȵĹţ˵ʬأ
Ųͷתߡ
ֻŵɫ԰ףͨ򵹵ϣߵͷشˣ⡭ǹ
ֳڣ˶һʶȫһ䣡
˹߳һ˵˵Ǭ֮˵ūŪֽţҴ򣡡
ŷһ̧ţۡһ߼ϣء
ӱߵϣվΪŷһ̤סѡ
ŵôеͷԩѽ
ŷ߳˵ʵ⵽ô£ʬأ˵
СĵҲڴǰѡɫصͷϵҡ
һԷ˵
ŷ޷ɿ˽ţڵϴ˸ˮ£ƵƵߵͷѣȴһ仰Ҳ˵
˲չɫ߲ѡ
˵һЦаѻС
ߵͷСƭˣҹͷСŴϼģͷСʱɫѹĸһҹСƤδϣֱ˴˿ţС˵ʵԣа٣Сú
˵գһһѣλĲۣʹ
˳˼һ£͸ŹŹ֡
Σ˵ʵ
һ˼ͷɣ
ллˣ
ߵ˸ͷǷվһԡ
ʱϲͷŷȴȻĴӣϵģҹֲϵģڿȥ˿ο⻹һդĽȻ
һпһ֮λ참С֮֡ƵϲͷҲеɫ࣬ﰵؽϡ
һ˫ӣȴע⵽˾ɸߡǶڷϵһС촰
ʵǺܳΪ촰ֻܳһͨװˣ
·˼Ѻ˵ĵطȫʩǱȻģǸͨײһС˵һ˵Ľδ˼ѵˣһʬףǸİ棬ֱеˡ
Ȼǰʵˡ
νͣ
ƵƵؿЦţͬʬ˿ƴ幫۷ֱ˵ĳҲɫ԰ס
ڴ¡
ŷü
һӽסˡ
ϲͷŷ˳ơ󡱣Ṧһ֣ӸǲаţҲš
ҪǴȥ˵һ˶סŷǶڸ̨ǰ˵ȥ
ЦŰѳ½ϣþһ㣬쬡һ
ǡ󡱣ȷǲ
Ӱɸ£ֻǰһһץסν촰ʵͨ׵ʯӿɾ͵ڰˡ
Ÿ̨ǰչ¶ֵĺûᡣ
ֻڻƵӲȫһᣬưһֻ쵽촰棬ɾͰӸסˡ
ŷֲһ֮̽⣬ѳһһ̯ˮ
沢û꣬ѹû¹꣬ˮ
촰̫Сͷܳز̽һ롪̽һѾˡ
ƽϣĽӡˮܵĽӡӡ
죡
˸£һӷ·ȫʧȥ־һɣݶ컨ֱ׹
˼ʵôʲôûУ
ˡ
ŷֻ˵֣һʱɫ
Ȼףʵ˭ˣ
ʬף
˶ʱһ㶣ʬˣ
ˡͷͷĲþ£͸ϡְжϡܱǸˣû
ƣ˷޷޵һɺԡ
ˡŲͷðź˫ֱȭְ֪Щ˵ûƲʵȷˡ˵ȷû
ˣ幫ڳеˣһסˡ
죬˲Żָ˵Ǹû
ȷˣ
һ˶ڱţ
⡭ϲͷһĭЦˣˡְǳ£һȷ˵ֻǣְȴ֪ȷʿЩ˵оΪʱȿȡְʵǲ֪ô˵
Ϊһƪ
ְ
̨˵Ȼãŷɫæ
ߣЦ̶ʬȫǽ֪ʬȻ᲻ɣʡҪôѵҪ˵ʬԼʧģ
ְȷʵû
ƣơţ仰˵ˡ
ǡǡ
ûпǣô»ֹ¡
ˣŷԺҪô˵ҿɾҪصذ㡣ΪĲ죬Ӧ֪Իڡʲô
ŷһ£æȭְҡ
˷޷޵ʬһҪһյڻ٣õطϷԷղӣͷҪˡ
˵껰һųתˡ
ʬĺ幫Ҳŷȭͷࡣתȥ
·ֻʣˡ
ŷߣ
˾ʯͷһһҲ
βޡϴĹⲻȥͷ˼ǡⶼֵңǷ飬ŰѲŪˡ
¹ֲ㡣
ͷ˵
Ǿ仰ŷЦŵ˸û
⡭Ŵ𣿡
ôûУŷ˵Ŵţſڣ˽ѵйữһ磬˳ȥ
ڱôܻȥ̶ı˿ˣڱ£
ŷһ£ȷʵ֪ô˵
һֻɦͷ˼˰죬̾һ֪֪мˮʪĽӡӣֻ˭ģ
βޡ߾ŵͷǸ˻ţȥģ
д˵һŹ򡪡ǣֳչжֻ֮ҪͷܳȥӾܳȥ
ŷüͷֵҪûĻȻ;ֵֹܣһؿĵ
۵Ҫͬͷ˵Ƕ㻹˭ȥѽҵү
ŷ̾һŰɣ
˲·ţӡ
ŷһô£
ͼһСէŷͣ½ŵү˴һǧˣҪ֡
ʲô֣
СҲ֪С˴Ϣ˵Ƕ˵Ǹʬǽʬ֣
˵˵ŷ߷ߵص˭ҥԣ
СĲ֪Ҷô£˵ҪǸǲſ·
ŷһ£ˣ
¾תߵߣǵſȥ
һֱǰȻͼǧİգѹѹһƬſڶΧˣŽ˵ҪʬֱҺسһƬ
ʮźӧǹʿŴţܰͷҽ˵Щʲô
ܰͷǰˣ˳֪صʱ͸ţǸͷ
Ǵ߳ˣ˵ʬˣҪٺ˵ʲôֽʬԻڣҪϴӡ
ſһЩӱЩ˸ɢˡ
ŷһȻܰͷתڵĵһ鷢ˡ
˵ĸܵ˸ǰүһˣ
ֵܣʲô¶
Žţȱˣ죡
˵ŷܡ
ŷתߵҲһˡ
һӿܣ˴˵ǩѺǰ
һƬŷվס˽ţϢֵܣȱܣ֪һʲô£Ҳи
˼ҿ
ŷһһֻ첲ô£˵һ㣡
ϸҲ֪˵ţɫˡŵʱ棬˷ǹŵġүͿɣ
ŷ˶񣬰·һ£ͬǩѺ
ȥͨһүһ˽ȥأ
ŷ롣
ǩѺλ֪⣬һˡʦү
ʦүһһ֪ʲôŵ£ʲ԰֮ɫ
밲վ֮
˵ղĶȥˣ
شˣſûԶ
̾һ
ʦүվͷ㿴ŷ˳ָһֻһ̯ˮʱһ˺һ˿
°򤣬Цһµҿˣ
˿
Ǹʬס

Ҳ˵öԣֻ۾˵ҲǸˣû
ˣʱǡ
Ҵ·һžͿ
ָһǽǣվһյʱ䣬ʦүҲˡ
ʦүһͷ˵̫ˣ
⡭ŷ˵ЩʲôûУ
̾˿ʱġ
΢΢һ۾ǿѹĵľţصʱһ˸ָһ£ҾȻ˵ˣ
յѨ
ŷĿĸ֣ҲסΪԾȻ˵ôһֹȴһҲ
ЦǸ˷ҪԳ԰ͣԭڴ˶ߣȴǶ£Ķߡ
ߣ
ô˵ġ
ЦһֵȻģ˵ڱ˯˵ΪҵĸţʹѪܰԤʱ֮ʲôѨ·Ҳǲ˵ЩʲôŹֵĻ˵ΪǶ£ɱڳʹ𺦣Ĺʹɥιڱ
˵˴һ£ͷ
ʦүüˣҪһӵıꡣ
һӣ
ʦʱ磬ҲǲʱҪԼȡ
ŷһ£ҧСӣǳıӵȻͷˣ
һЦֻҵʱܶڲԣ˷ԣ汾˵ҲĻҪ
̾Ϣһվڷһת
ͷ㿴¸ô죿
ŷſģ磬һʱ䣬ְɴӦ
ܵеùôЦҡҡͷӵҿǲУԶ
ŷһӷ졣
˱ߡ¹رǡ
ˣŷȭְڵϽ˼ѣᡭ
⵹ҲǸ취
һ˵λʦүת˵ǮͷҲļ⣬ͷ跨Ҽ书ǿˣҺԸʱ仹ü
˿ЦһµĪûǸ˿ɲǺǵѽ
λҡһͷмɫصôһ꣬˻ǵһμȻһ㽭е书Уȴ֪˵Ĺ߼ˡ
˵۾ݶһۡ
ͷ㿴
ָųһ촰
ȴ߰룬ߣԭһţרõġ
ģָ˵ϵǽ˾һڻ켫ˡ
ŷ˰Σګګְԭȸ˵ˣȷʵһˡ
ʦү̾һ˵˼ǡ
Ц֪Ϊŵ˵Ҳ
Ŷһ£ֵֻǡҲ̫֣ȴǲʲá
עŷŷǷԶ϶һˣʵڻɣܻܣҲδ̫Ҳˡ
ŷô˵ְɶ϶һˡѧһΪȻ򲻿ݡ´˷Ľְȥˡ
̾ϢһʵеĲ¡
ʦүҲԵþ岻ŷͷ¹ϵŴ˵İΣҪСĴ¡
ŷְ֪
ʦүԤʲôˣ
ŷʦүĻǳסһλϽ֪ͣʦү˵Ҷ
ʦүڷ㶣ȴϲɫ
֪ˣ˵ͷ˵Ŀǳϵġһֽ
ǴˣҲ֪ˣ
ʶ
ˣ֪ʱɡ
λȻָܳӦǰˣȻٺòֻǡ˵ʮ⽣֮Ѿ¡
ʦүȻ˵Ŀǳϡ񱤡λ
ˡ
ǰЩʱգ˲ǻһףʮٳô
£һ¡
΢΢ֳһƬЦݣˣʮǰʶˣʱְɰΪ˵طһӷˣλε˵ⲻ⡣
һ£ζصλ˵ҵľˡʮһֱŽֻλһٱļȴ֮⡣
ŷʱЦȻ͸ˣֻҪɱְãϽһν򲻻ܼˡ
˵ͷҲֻˣֻλѾ⽣Ϊ˿䣬ֻºѡ
ʦ˵˺βһ̸
ҡͷġ
˵ͷ˼һ£Ȼվҵˡ
תŷԸΡ
ŷת
ʦүЦ㿴ʹô
ʦү겻󣬿ȴʣ˵ң޾ϸҪ
ǰ£ȴҲЩ岻
뵽Ǹȥ֮ԣʦүɫ㵵ص˿ɼǵȥ֮ô
̾Ϣ˵ʱھţ˵Щʲôʵû
һĴҲ̫ǵ˵ʲô
ʦүͷҴĴ˵Ļú
˵Щʲô
˵ʦү򶨣ȥ֮ʱ˵ʲô飬زĴҲŹ̫
˶һ£ƵƵЦѡ
һӡţ̫ˣҪһǧҲǿˡһ̫ˣ̫ˡ
һȷʵǸСĿֻǲɱ
֪Щˡ
˵ǸôأЩʱȴҲӣ˵õõģ
ʦү˰ü̾һֻǴ˻Ҳḻһӣֻ´Ҫˡ
˭˵ǡ
ˣλϽ͵书ô
һ
˵汾£бʡһ֮ơֻıµжãȴûۼ
ʦүˣ̺βǸ˵һ˵λ֪Լһ£ǲ˵ĵ֡ŵеùˣǾæҪϲУ˻ı𷨵ĺá
ҲֻˡվҲȥһˡ
ʦүǣͬһ
˵¼ӣõĸ̨Լ٣Ͼǲͬһ㡣
ֱ̨Ŵ֪ֺİƥǲͷŷͲͶߣΪ˰ȫһСӻεı¡
Щټ̧εĽηҲжʮ˵¼ӣʵ൱ĺ䶯
ƺƵ˳ϡ񱤡ʹһ徲Ⱦ׵СطʱΪ֮
һ˵̨˵Ĵݹ٣ǮԼڵߡ
˵ĽһЩϵ밲ʺãŷ˵˴Уֻ˽ϵİݷãӼλ˵˰죬㵲˼ݡ
һˣլʱƫ
ŷ׳뷽ʦү˰ţżһһֻ۾ϲͷ
һкպƣϲͷԵʮ־ȣһֻ۾ϰ֮ŷһȭ
ּ֪˴ݹ٣ֻϾªݹּͣ˼»ҲÿԸϻذݣ
˿С˵ʮ㡣
һվ뷽ʦүʮ
ʦүΨŷ¿æǰһЦȭλǡ
˹˵ңū︣
ʦүɣ
︣Ҫƺūҡ
ʦүһЦҼҴרҪ̣ҪǴգˣΪͨһ
︣һ£ګګص˵ɼƢŹֵúܣǽʮŶһ£˼˵һūֻºѰѻͨȥ
ʦүЦΣƫһˣҼҴϽǷͨڵءƫͣƫͣ
˵Ҿ
︣ʶݣæ칪ҪȻˣūΪͨǡ԰ת룡
ʦүع˿Цһ£Ϊϣȴǰӡ
ССһţǶһʯ̣®ԺǽߣǽԿԺﻨҶ裬÷һƬ֮䣬ȥ䲻ȴһ£֮г֮С
⸽ֲɣҡ®֮⣬еڶ˼ҡ
һϸϸϪõľţһƬպõ裬ɱ¡ĺɫԶ˼ҵƴ̡
ԭǿ˵ľɫֻϧλȴû͵ˡ
˵ɫ㶼ʮֳء
Ҳúľֿˡ
︣Цݴ󲽳һһҾּԳеò裡
ˡʦүһоϲ⣬¸ţ˴ŷʦүŷһͬ롣
︣ǰһֱһǰվ
ֻǰҸֲһþ÷ʱԶţݵһУԿɿݱϵļ黭Դһѧ֮ʿ
︣Ų룬Ǽ
˿ʱȴһӻɫ£ͷᷢٵĳ˵Ŷ
˸æǰһȭ֣ţţ겻ˣ
Ȼˣ˳ơһֽϽˡ
˰룬üĿ㣬ϢǸ֪ĵϸ˹ĵһߣȻϢӰ漼һλ͡
һҾ˹٣ԣ
ְ֪ѷʦүŷ˴Ϊ
һ˲ݡ
ʮּ򵥣һ׺ľҾ渲ɫ档
︣ײ衣
һֽЦǰʮдʹҶʵӦõߵֳֻ𾭡󱯾һδᣬġ֪жδȴⲿ鳭дᣬȥߵݴˡҹʱȻѪ֪й͹٣Ϊի֮գʴ˲Ҵͣͻ֮źá
˵ʱݲȣȻĿɾ߷緶
֪ʶ֮⣬֮УŷǸˣǷʦүȴǱʫ֮ˣȻֻԷ˵仰ǶݣΪ֮۷
߶Էʮ֮ˣڳơȻҲ¹ƣйĶˣǶΪߺøС
֪΢΢һЦ˵Ϊˣ¹پմʵǡ
˵ʱݣһʱ֪γڣ
һ˫ü΢΢һ˵Īʲô֮ôˡ
˵΢΢һЦֻūһ׵ֶŮڴˣ˵˵޷
֪̾һЦ¹²մʵæġ
Ŷһ£룬һڡ
ſʮ׵ָϣ㶼ɫָףһ͵Ķˣ˵һķ糾Լָ֣ôڱ˴˷ֶԲʱԴʮָףʵ͸
ƺѾо֪˵ͼһЦʵˣƽΪ˾״Ӧĳĳ£һ׿ϣڡ
˼һ΢΢һЦ˵⣬¡ֻ⽣Ѳʽ£Դ˶룬ֻΪЧ֮Ͳˣ
⻰Եرִɱ֮¡
֪ͷʦүһۣϾ㶼ֳʧ֮ɫ
òף֪ɺһֳʮεӣҪ¹˵𡭡
˵תʦү˵֪ɣ
ʦүӦһһȭʮֺյصҼҴĿһѣԮֲܵԽΣΪ
֮һЦˣܣֱ˵ɣ
ʦүȭǷһӣռϸϸ˵һ顣
ɱʬʼ˵һֱ˵ǩѺܾһξ˵˸ϸϸ
˵;λڲһˣ㶼Ȼɫ
֮صжꣿ
һԵŷæʮҡ
֪㿴˻ǹ
Ȼˣ
֪üëȻˣôڱж᣿̫ˡ
ɫΪŵص֪˱жᣬ˵һ˯ߵľйС
öסˡ
ⲻ˱ڹ裬ǲκ˵С̥Ϣٹȡ֮ɵһּϾ硣
˵λվǰһԺڵĺ÷벻طȻ˾ˣ񣡡
תĿע֪̾һ֪֮ϲҰһȻ˶٣е̫һػӪףڣ̥¼У֮ν̫Ҳ
߻£֮ʿҵڣΪаˣ±شˣ
֪ɫһô˵˱аˡ
˹˵Ŀ֪ɴһ¡
һֽһ̾˵Σ򲻿ɿ֪ܴﵽȹ֮ˣѷѰ˺̫ˡ
֪һ㶣ô˵¹ֻףһˡ
üͷ΢ˣ˵˹˾磬̰֮ˣ˱Ǳػͼ˼ʹҲպ⡣
֪ͷ¹µҲ
Ȼ̾˵ʮŲεϳڹķĵãϣȴǲʤ
ʦүԮ֣˱֪Ѷˡ
Цһ¡
ҪĿһУֻɷʦүղһݣѿ֪˱ؽаһˡһˣƾǳ˵һ漼ΪΪº
˼֮󣬵Ҫˡ
Ȼ⹦¯ĵزǶڷʦүƵǸˣȴĴ˼ɣȻĿ֪飬ȴֲܾ̾
ðɣǿͷȥһˡ 







 

  
 

֪ʦүʱɫá
ЦһµΪ˼ƣʱҪǮ㣬һ˵ϲ°ܣһӣǴ˾֮ˡ
֪ƺֻ˵֮⣬δָʧˣҲͲǿѡ
վʱֲ࣬׼ҲҲͲٶˡ
֪վƫͣƫͣ
һ˸Ƕ
͵ţҾʼء
ٻصڡ
жһĿŮ
ڶʮ£üĿϴһ಼ʰǣڼʵҲԽԵñ¿ˡ
ӭ󲮡
һµʲôʱģ
ŮֶŮվܾˡ
˵ͷ㶼ˣ
ˡ
ܺã˵ͷʮҲܹ£Ҫһˡ
Ů󲮡˼Ѿ⽣ˣ
Цһ£ͷ

Ůһ˫۾
Ҫȥ
ѾӦ˼ˡ΢΢һЦӦ֪ƽΪˣԳӦ˼ҵ£ɽ𺣣಻ڡ
˼Ҳ׿Ʒ⽣ѽ
̾һ濣ϰ䣬ӦõʮҸǺεȵļį
󲮣Ҳ˼
ôҸ㡣һЦһ仰ʲô
ҡҡͷҲ֪
Ӣ֮ء
Ȼ̾ϢһЦŽȥ˰ɣӣҲûбˡ
濵˼˺ܶ顣
ǣ˵̫׾ˡ΢΢ӣȽϹҵֵģֻһˣ
˭
ƽѧʿȻ̾ϢһȻһҲֻʩҽɵĹѡԴһԺʮҾҲһĵ֡
ô٣Цһֵֻĳֺţмӣа˱֮Ϊʮұį֮ࡣ
ҷ⽣ԭҲڴˡһûеֵĽʿˡʱ䡣
зһ˫ӣͬ׾Թ϶ļʤпصһʼȫѧɳΪ츣˼ѧʿѳΪ͢صĴԱȻȴѡϰһ;´ɣһ޳ɡ
ظеˡ
ȥȷҲԵˡ
濺Ȼע⵽۽ԼϵƣʾĻȻ٣įģո漼
վϲЦݣ֮ǰʴһʱˡ
ҵĽ
һ£Ȱ裬ȴ֪λƽã˵һǸı䲻˵ġ
ˣ
һɫĲס
ɫĽ룬ͬϮӻɫĳһɫ
ȻطһƬ롣
λһλһտ书һֱԵ壬Ͳɹܸ˭
Ȼһβ֪һʲôȻʹΪλȺ׵Ĵ󲮸ˡ
ȻǸˣȴɷʦүһţʶǸйһĪľ¡
󲮣Һ˼ҡ
Ҳ˵Ķ֣
濵˵ͷګګ˵˵书죬λʦүĿ书һɵģһɵˣڽ䲻ã似ǿ
΢΢һЦͷȻǳˣܹһ⣬ȷǲס
ʦү˵ҲɵˣԴӽԪ֮󣬽ǷɢѼи֡λʦүһʵĻй˵ֳһɡص⣬ȻСġһеĲ֮ء
˵λΪϽͣǺȻʲô
ɫ΢΢һޣҼˡ
ʲô
ɫȻˡˡ
濾󲮣˼뵽ʲô
ɥصմŵĶ޼ɳư⺣ʮһֹڶͥɽΪǬš漼ԻΧ޼ʱ˯вӱܣһõݣյòҲ̶á˼һ£Ƕԭԭһ֮ƣƽԴڼ·֮ʹʹԭɣԡʬ⡯֮ӿ𺣣ɱ֮˵ʮ󣬵ԭɱ֮ʿ
ɫһЦʱáĪ˾ǶħĴ˲ɣ
һλĪǻ˼䣿
Ȼڡ
ô͸ԼɽΪʲôҪµӣ
һͲ֪ˣǶ޼һǣԴԸʹԭŮΪ֮ԣҲԷӭŪýʢ¡֮ԹָɣڴҲйϵ˵ʮһовŮԹ˰ԲŴٳֹ֮һ;°ԣԻݺʹԷģĿʾˣԲӳɽ֮һ˵
濵޼ɵ书Σ
߲ɲ⣬ڼΪһˣȷҲ֮
ɼˣ
ھɽһΣȷӶ书׿ԽԳһҡȻ
ʱǿԸһȴԸԶйѣڶͥ죬ݴǸƾŹԶӼȥڶ»ݺɽ֮£ȴԺԽţ
濵Īʮһˣû뵽ԺΣô
ôû뵽ֻǶ޼ԴԺ󣬹ȻӲʮһֱҲϢЩʮһˣ㶼ͽֻǶԷȻܲ˭Ҳ޷
˵һ£̾ϢŵʮƶʮһɳϣҲòˣֻҲ˼ˡ
ô޾㵵صĹ˻λ޼ɵô
пܡ
һЦֵҪˣֻ¾ưոݣ޼ɵѷºȻʮڣܣŵ̳ӣ˵书Ϊɹˡ
ɫһͷ
һƬ⣡ֹֹ£Ϊ֮Ůβ˵ⷬ
΢΢һЦ㲻Ϊҵģʵҵֵüʶһ¶޼ɵĴˡһ֮ʹںޣѵʮܹʶĵӡ
Цһӵ޼ʮʱ䣬̳ĵӣѵ洫ֻ书֮±ҲȥԶһĶ󡣡
˵վǰ
Ŵĺ÷ϷһƬˣһһ
תֵűǶ½ܳˡˣôѡˡΪֵһվдζ
󲮵˼ĪǴҪҵĳң
˼
ô˻˭
һѰ˼ѿڵ
һŵǰ

ƺһͨ˺ܶࡣ
һǵ빲ı޼ɵʮһ֮һͲˡ
һȻǸϿȥ˼һ
æ
һδ֤ʵȲæһʱ
濵ǰ似һңһҲϴ󲮣ֹͬԸ
˵ҡֹ
֪˵˻뵽˴ƽľԶʤѣǼ״æ;סֳɫ
ǹֿ֪ʱ磬δʱԺһܾ׶༪ˣ
һܣͷ󲮡
ŵסδʱǰһһšѶ޼ɵŵʵˣٱܿɣ
濵ֻǰߡôǺã
Ǿֻ·һ
һЦֵ书ԶѷңҲУ˶֣һƢֻѻҲˡ
һᣬת
󲮡ı˵˼ҪǵвҲȥƴǿɣ
֪
˵գ̾һֵֻǿֻ֣߳ȴЭءһҵֻӵûɾˡ
濽һ󲮣סӣһһļͷ
ֻķ㣬˵һ־ӮҲδ֪
ֻҲġ׵Ϲۣ˵󲮣Ҫһȥ
ɵѾͷ
ְɢǰͷϵļҷһ¡
ѾǸˣϻѲë˫̺Ƶһ˫ˮͫӡ
ܲΣ֮ʣиԼػˮһգ۵ĹӾˡ
뵽ЩһƬȰ
ڴ󲮸ĻɥĸҲǴһְģֶĸ飬ڸŮ
ӣګګصһǺܼǿģҪסãмҪĻ㣬עš
ĨһᣬͷӦá
ǶϹ£䶾֣ôαʮҪˡ
˵ҪҸͨ籨Ѷ
ˡ
ֶŮĴοЦݡ
ɱϣһʮ߼ɣҪһҼҵͨ籨ѶҪ˵ǰ档
󡭡濵ͷţ
ֶŮⷬģȻһģĪҴʲôô
Ȼʹ˴⡣
ͿһҵĲɱ
ǳɱҲһǾҳ־õսǱҪʩչԼƽѧҲֻһһؽԼƽľ
ĵ֣κ
´ŵЦݡ
İɣӣ󲮲ô׾ͻܵġôԴ󲮲ģ
ǡ
ãǾͲᡭطȥɣ
濴Ӧһݡ
һ˲пǧ
ݣȴū︣Ժ﷢
֮䣬ʮꡣ
Ȼֻ︣۾ôϹġ
ɽ֮ҹϣʯѩɽ棬Ⱥٻ
Ͼһҹģ
︣һֻۣҲǸʱʸϹģ
Ȼˮ
һĬĬСȴôһ٣һǻ壬֮ıҳк죿
ʮ٣ԹˣȻְ𡪡һ˵ְ
ģȻոмӡ
︣ỽһ
Ҽжˣ
ޣſʮ˰ɣգһֻۣ︣صʲô
ֻʰˡ
ղŸáʲôر飿
ȻУ
ʮദͶʱ޻̸
ʲôҪ£Ϊѣ

︣ûӿڣֻȺ˵
Ҳô˵̸̸
˵գһʯͷ
︣ǰ
︣ΪҵĹΣ
ǻʲô˵Ҫ˵ʡٶֻ֣³ԥҲеڶˡ
ЦһֻĿѣ³֮ԥıξ˶ߣֻ½似й֮
︣Ŷһµš߶λȷǲҲڲ֮䡣
ֳһƬݣ̸︣Ȼġ
񱤶ȹʮ̫ƽ£︣ϰô
︣һ£̾˵⡣
̫ˣͷԵūǰҲ벻ġ
ߣſں˵
̲˼صòңʵѿЩͲסˡ
︣ʱһ⻰ʲô˼
Цһµòź£ʵҲû˿˼ʵ˵Ҳһʮ躹޼ѹˡ
ϡ
òżһ£Ҫ㣬Ҫһ¡
ʲô¡︣Ѿʶؾò̫
עţղ֪ΪҪȥΪԸһˡ
ǡ˭
Ҷʶ
һЦֽȥҿԸ㣬˾һͨˣܿƽһС
ʲô֣
֪
˼ѾӦ֪ˣ

︣һµʲôʱ򣿡
һҾҪš
һ£ӵǸ˸֪Լãض
ֻ︣ڶʱð⣬ūԸ׷Ҽʶһ˵֡
ǿɲأ
︣һΪʲô
Ϊ㻹иҪĹҪ
︣˵︣Ǽģɽǡ
̾һ︣ѵһǻ徫ֻֻ֪һ̩ɽںëҪмֵǡ
︣ͷǰѾ˵ܶΣ˼Ҷá
֪һֱŵһ¡ʵôЩѾӦƽˡ
︣˵£ʱͷ
ֻۼݵ⡣
ȻѾʮ꣬һ뵽һҹɽ֮ҹ︣ͻһĪ˸Уһ޷ˡԼھΡ
ΪĸϵȫΪԼ¡
ÿǰ¹¶Դʱͻ鲻ԽԼ
£ȻһƣǸеޱ롣
ˣﲻס˿̱һƣһʱͷ̲ס꣬س鴤
ƺû뵽ˣһʱһ¡
︣Ȼ˫ϥ£˵òȥǼ£̫Բ˼ˣҲԲھȪ֮µĸ
˵꣬ǰ
︣ǧҪô롭ЩҶֻĴмû˿˼ҪĻҪ㡣
︣ɫأԤŽشҪиԼֹס˱վ
¡
︣á
ֻ︣㣬콫ҪǸˣԤűؽҪһգȴ˿ûаܹսʤ
︣˵ֹ
˵꣬һսĽһ˻ᵱɥ
һʤ¾Ͳض˵
︣׹Ҳڡ
һҰˡЦһ£ȻҲһġ
︣վȴֹֻȻ
︣ҪǣҪ𱣻İȫõô
ֻ︣üԤִֻȴû뵽Ĺ˵شʹֱ޷ȴ
á
ֻ︣ڣͻȻʳһˮû˵һ仰ֻȴ֪ѾӦˡ
ڽǰȿǹΪֻˣſʹ︣Աȫ
ȫ濵ͬʱҲ͵ڱȫ︣
ֻŲȴΪ︣ĸϲʹɥ︣˵ΪԶҲˡԼһ
ֽǰͬʵһǸʶһҪ
Ϊˣ֮︣һ仰Ҳ˵
ı⣬ԭҪ֮ͬʹֱûȶء
ᡣ
ЦһµֻĴ㣬˵Ǹ˲ҵĵ֣ôһоͶǶˣֻҪиˡ
︣ҧͷ£ֶС֪ô
ͷ֪
ֶСô
ȻҵĻ
ôԤô
Ҫġ
˵վͷź淿￴һۣ濲ֳ
лֱ˵޷
һ̾ҵȻû˿ĵĵطֻǸӣȴԵƢЩòһЩ
Ҫ˵ʲôҲūԴ跨
ͷ˵Ҫ԰
˵һơ
ĬһЩʱ֮ЦҪȥӴǸˣȻҸû˷ʦүһ֮뵽һµˣˣֶαؽޱȣ˫
˵Щʱһֱʲô
ֽȥڵģһҴˣȻӡ
ǲΪǣΪѱ˱Ĵ㣬ֻǵġ
︣صǷĲֶС㣬һūģʹֶСա
һҶ˶֣֪˵ҲԼ濲ȥ˱𣬿ȴס˲ҵնݳ
︣ԲԲصҾ͸ˣ
ЦһҲͲذֶСиˡ
︣ʱԼ˵˻ֳһƬֻ벻
Ϣŭпġʵ˷磬ָʾҪ
ˣʮ꣬ԭӦⷬȻ˺
ֳ︣һ߲ѣͷ
︣Ҫţĵһ֮˿˵ء
̧︣ͷ
ˣҪȴ룡·ߣѾ濣ٸһ飡
Ͱʱ濵һָ︣һ顣
֮︣ĬĬصһͷ
һſȻصģһϵ˼
ԭΪʲô飬벻ôˬһڴӦΪģ
ȴ뵽︣Ȼߵͷ
ﺬеص︣ʮлֻأҸϷȥɣ
԰վ
ĸпصһͷתȥ
  
ڣرء
һֽʱ򣬾롰硱ʱСʱ
ͷŷſغէʤϲ֮æ뵽֪ǩѺ
֪뷽ʦүԭΪˣڼ״ϣϲѣ
Żɫ£ɫݣֻһڡ
ڳȻװڻɫĽ֮ڣбҼࡣ
ʦүһ裬վ˫ֽס
֪һϽͲ˾ӣˣֵһ롣
ʦүϴЦݵ˵⣬ŷʱصļɲǸ֪֮ҲͲˡ
Ц벻νܣֻЩѲסǸ˵ġ
֪һ˵˼
ֻ֮ȡȴ򲻿У

ʱɷſģȻӣ¿һ˸𡣡
һ£ֽӵһҪҲֵסô˼ʹԼˣҲֻĻ
֪ŽɵصֹΪǸһ
Ȼġ
Ϊʲô
֮УΪأȻһٵʿܾ˹ˣ±Ͼټʳԡ
֪һһԵķʦүһۡ
ʦүʶſڿһۡѲˣŷߣԼصλɲлɽ˫ּʿֿ꣬쵶﷭ܸգĸ˾عĽܳνһʱ͡
һпУΪȻ
ת֪˵˼һᣬʱвɲʶ֣¹õƽܵ˺
֪ԥص
ĿһɨվŲ죬λѣӦеɳͻԺ飬ֻ¾Ͳôˡ
֪ͷ˵˵
˵תŷͷǼȥ
ŷӦһǣ
Ӧ²δƿȴ۾һԵķʦүʦүεЦһ£ת˵²̫ðɣһ
ضǣӦˣλѿ԰зأȴ˹桭
˻һ֣ŷȥ
ȵ֪֮ʦүҲǣȻ̫Ӷ𣡡
ʦүһصǡ
˵ţ۾ɾ鲻Խ
Ҫ˵ʲô˲ĹһҲšһݹͷӣʱģһֻ¾Ͱεˣ治˻ʲô¡
ô룬ȴ˵
ȥ죬ʵûԶ룬׷⸮̨⣬ɱǸ˲գ׳һͽȥá
ʵֻǵ뷨ԷǲҲôΪɾͲö֪ˡ
ֳǳ򶨡
롰硱ʱѽ
ֳ֪˲վŴ濴һۣ̾һһЦ԰꣬ʱǲġ
֪¿Ц˵ʵڡ
˲ˣɭɭصȡһӣ֪׼ˣ
׼ˡ
΢΢׵һҪУЩǮҲǴ˾֮Ϊ˼ƣǧ򲻿óȻˣ֪ܱĵ
֪ص̾һͷ
ʱǰĲƿȴһֻӣ˹أָ׽ڵĲˮ֮ڡ
ֻʮַָһء
ЩԭӨ͸ĳָףһȥʱޱȡ
ָףһؾһʵָ׶ñôһȥ˿ȭʩԵúӡ
ŲæЩ飬һԵ֪뷽ʦү۾ؿ
Щ֮ȡЯǿڳ
˳Ĳףֳһʴͭʡ
ڽƻɰԱʱԳ齣
ˣһʱΪȫƣ뷽˴ҡ
˼Ӧһӹϣǧ򲻿ͼ춯֪߲ƣ߲
֪ƵƵͷǡ
һӲǸСĿôĵ˫ַϣֻǶԷȻô˵Ȼٳ飬ﵽδ㣬ȴֻԼ֪ˡ
ʦүָһȱⴰ˵Ǹϴʱȥġ
̧ͷһۡ
ⲻ֪ͷһɲǣȻֵһ˫ȽŴڵաɷָ˵ȱⴰ
ڸ˶ʱһ
ʦүŵôһ
֪ŵɫࡣ
˾ŵĿ֮£ȴֻ˫̽ȽŻչš
һ˫ſܵİ׳ȽšֻɫĺڲЬ
ڸ˾Ķǵע֮£˾һƵػչš
أ¶¸ء˫硢ͷ­
һƥӰƮƮ׹ֳ塣
˵ͻȻ֣ʹԭʱرܶһʱŴˡ
ֻܱ򶨡
տտĿ⣬ֱֱشǰˣ侪壡
ҵģҰݵһͷһδ޼Ķ̷ǰһѹɢǰϣһȴչһɢš
һϮʴİɫԽ촦һΪ߿ŵĻƽťۡԶ϶ǻƽϵĹͬͭʵȻ
һˣ
˵һ磡
Īֺ֮ˣΪ֮Ŀ
֮Բͬ֮þұԸߵľտ似ԣһ֮󣬺ܿؾͰ
Ǹվ֮һ˫Ŀӣգ˼£עϡ
վһȭĻû˵꣬Ͳòʱסԭ˵Ŀת˱𴦡
΢΢һ˵Ĳм˰Ŀ֪ֵϡ
Ļֻôס
˿֪һֻͬʬĿһֵӡһڳصİˣҪ׼ˣ
֪ȫص
һ˵ȴ۾ת֮ɫ
˵٣ʹԭ˻رܵĲ𣬳Ӱ֪Żʱ⡣
˴ľګصͷ­һ˫ͫתעϡ
˭
ס
ҡҡͷɭɭصҲʶ㣡
Ҳʶ£
һЦɫΪмصô˵ʲô
Ҫգ˵ô˵̲סˣǰˣȻǴͷＫΪ죬δ˽Էͼ·֮ǰȴ̲
ֵĶԻ֮ϴ΢΢Цݡ
Ϊϳͣ߶֮²˳Ծ
ǲô⼸䳰ȷĻһʱŭݡ
һ˲֮䣬ֹ۳һƬЦݡ
ͷ㾹Ҷ˵ٺ١ǵһ̸
˵ת֪ߡһô᲻øô 







 

  
Ӱ 

֪ګګǡǡ
һת֪֮䡣
Ǹ˶ʱһ
ȭλѴγƺ಻ţ֮УԸһˡ
żİϣֳ˺·
ô˵רΪ²ˣ
˼
˸Ƿ¿أƬ촽¶˰ɭɭݡ
˵ʱʦүվűƫͷһۣǰ߶ʱŵס
һʱһ㺮ᡣ
ĿտտעȻʩɱ֡
ʦүѱŵ˫ϥ鲻Խؽе

Ŀעǰ¹˵¼Ȼȥ򣬵Ȼ֮뱨һ
ҡҡͷʲôģҲ֪Ķ죬˺òܡ
˵һǷһ˯صúһߣȴǾѡ
ǵ뿪ɽʱɽһ֣Ȼһ㣬ʺҵС
ȭϴ
һЦ˵ֻ֣˾ҪѪ
һɳڵƤô㻹˼Ҫô
ЦһĳϧҲͲ׮£뱨
۾Ĭһͷ֮Уԭڿ֮գѰһšͷĻȻҵΣ˵ǿˡ
֪ŵýһ
Գơİ¹ˣƫͷ
֪֪أĸһޱȵĺ⡣
һɲǣȻоһСҪˡ
¹ѱá֪ȫݡ
¹ȥϡ
ľګϣ˿ֳЦݵ̫ˣλڽǣлһ˵Σ
֪뷽ʦү˵֮شӦţѸٵһǡ
ǽɫ
ٿ෽һƮ硣
ӷһĵһ˫ƽ±ȥ
һȻѾãֻΪԷԳƶĹ˿Ȼ
ѳУ˫Ȼ
һ֮£ϥǰ΢һֻһֱָǰϿ˹ȥ
¹˿ڱʱһߣӭĵƣصն
ڶɱȻˡ
ۿŰӣһƬưƮ㵯ɶ¡
˫һģƽƽҶ֮ϡ
ôֺ֣
һסĵǱһ˿⡣
ֶУ˼
һֿУϾͬһ㷲֮
ʧ֮΢㣬Ѱ޳ڱ
ʱݶϣعƵλȻһתյ۶¡
ڣһɾ硣
˰Ȼһǣڶ
ֻ۾һƳ֮£Ѿضסˡ
صͷ¶˰ɭɭŰƹҵС㡣ֻһ
ЦɽĶ޼ʲôˣ
˽ǰϵһ縶̷ٿʶһ£Ų԰ɫļգȻֳޱȵľ졣
Ȼ֪ò١
˵仰ʱһֻצĻ֣́
ϵдһš
˫ĿƽӣŲæ̧һֻ֡
˫ͬ˼
ֻƿȥҲͬĶ
ֻϧֳ˶Ե߱˴⣬Ȼûеܹһʲôʽַ
ֻ̧ƽֱضԾţֻǰţȴ絶
֪뷽ʦүһϹۣʵ˵ȴûˡ
ʵҲ벻͸һʲôĶԵַǲ֮ǾѾĸдһɳӦȦӣķչš
ʱʮָоֻһĹԵѹ֮ʹ˴־塣
εѹڼչš
ǩѺȴ֨֨֨ؼ졣
֪뷽ʦүĶͷϣ㶼ֳһԲĺ飬ҲȺˡ
ȻʱжԵˣţ
˵һֻֻ˿
ͿֻƣһָһƽƳ
˹ХһֻƣץһʲôƵӲӲһơ
ȹرյĴڶһһ֮䣬ȻΪ𿪡
ȴʱһǺȡ
һѪſȻ˳
ȴҲڴһɲǼȻϮ˹ȥ
ͬϵӣһɭɭĳѳУӣİ˻ġͬӣĴѹ֮ͬʱȻ˹ȥ
ȻϵһɲǼ䣬ֻһһΪ򵥵Ķһֻȣֻֻأֱ似
ͿôӴһġ
ɭɭĽֹȻǰһ壬ͬһʩʮһɱһһɱ
˼壬ɱš
ֲͬƵɱš
¹ȻܳĽ֣Ȼһ֮ڣʩɱŵˣϾǲࡣ
ɱ⣬ֲֻţͬһͬʱơ
ߴĳʽɱĽУγ˼Ϊ־һɱš
ڴһɲǼ䣬ֵþôݲȡ
ʽУҲôӱܿʽƵġ
ֲǣ֪ʲôʱֻġ
֮ڴһ˲䣬Ѿһλá
Ƶԭ֮ȴ˰ԭ
˫վš
ذתĿĵǣֻͬצϣմѪʹ˾ǣһ˫ϣֱץһһѪܵĸ࣬һŻġ
תɵѪ
ȥ
ľګϣ˿ű飬֮Ų԰׵ϲһ˿Цݡ˫ɿһĸεϡ
֪뷽ʦүĿüˣŵԣ졣
˲֪ʲôʱ˫ʧȥ˾㶼ڵϣȫһš
һ˫׹ӣŶˣһ߽
֪սؿ˵㡭㡭
ƬһػײţͷҲʧȥ˿ƣֱ֪˵Щʲô
ʦүȴأߵͷ絷⡣

ֻǷ˵֣ȫ¼̱ˡ
ߵ˷ʦүǰһץסĺ󱳡
ʦүƵعֽһ
δ꣬һΪ˸߸ߵ
үү
㡭̵صǸʲôģ
ʦүʦү
ʦү˵Ҳˣ
ǡ
ʦүŵһعֽţ˵ڰУѾ̱
˺һûõĶ
˵һףʦүӾƵرˤ˳ȥ
ֻ顱һ죬Ӷζһ¡
ʦүµӣѳһ̯⣬ѪԷɽıڣʱһ
֪ĿˣҽԼһ㡣
ڵϵӣô֪ʲôʱȫһ麹ˮŵʪ͸ˡ
վ˾վǰĿ˵
ǡ
֪ȫվ
ﻹվӲһ룬˫һڵء
һֻմѪĺ֣ϣһᣬӲ
֪ɱƵؽ
˵ȥǮ
֪ǣȵһ㡣
Ϣһ֪ǿһ£ָ⣬صߡߡ
һ·
ҲǼ档ܶˣƽҲעڣղ˵ʱһţҲͻָ˼ǡ
ģһɷǣ֪ҪӵûĻ΢΢Ȼ·һ
ԴУᡣ
Щͷ֪ܿ
Ǿǰƭ⡣
Ϊˣ˵ұսԼһ
Цʲô
֪Цһµɿֻ֣Ҳź·
һ£ȻץͷϵֻɿˣҺ˼
֪̾Ϣһλ׳ʿҲûԹΪʲôҪ´˶֣
˺һ˵˲ңҲˣ緸ңǾֻ·һ
Ҳûð㰡
úһߣоѣһ㻵ҽɵĵ˵ûðô
һ£Цԭһת֮ٴɱ䡣⹷ӲҵĺξѣȻҾǿߡ
˵ߡ֣˳֪һ¡
һƣ֪ѳܲסһģ⡣
ʱɵϹվʱ˺Ȼվǰ
ǩѺ⣬һֱ
ѩɡ
ѩɺһƬɱ
ͷŷµ조βޡߣԼصļǣ
ӡлɽ˫ּʿꡢֿ쵶﷭ܸա
ˡ
ϲͷŷȷǹţǶɱʱ;ˣֻΪ˹˼˵ŷ
ŷһ⸽صǿĵط˿ӡ
ϲͷŷһ˫йٱʡ
ǡβޡ
ӡлɽһ˫ֵ
˫ּʿ꣬õһ˫ֶᡱ
ֿ쵶ʹһ۵
﷭ܸգһԡţ̵
ˣǾð참ӵ֣硰ȴУһΡ
ѩֵúǶԳƣõţѩѩ֮䣬һɫ͵Ķఫγߵһõ֮
ڲǰǡ˫ּʿ롰ֿ쵶
ѾõϲͷİʾҪڰ˾ǰʱ򣬳־ѻ
ڹء˳ͬʱһӿд֪
ۿں֪ǰһ߹
֪ѽ·ˣʱ䣬İ˾ԼһԶȥһȻ̬
˫ּʿһ˫ֶᡱѹϥ£ֻϸһ֧˦ּԳİһ˫רȡ˵ġӡڹʿ˵һ
ֿ쵶һ۵Ӻ棬˾Դ
֪һɥģǰ߹ȥ
ظ
˫ּʿ꿴ʱһ˫֣֧˦ּȻֶӣ
ӣɼ磬ֱһ˫Ϸ
˫֣ʿꡢˣǲٻ
˼ͬʱ
ʿһˡֶᡱһڡ۵һߣһ̣Űк
Źʿ귢һ˦ּͬδãη㣬ֻܵرһ۾
֧Ȼˡ
ֻáƤϣһְϡ
һ˲䣬ضͬʱ˵һֶᣬһ۵ͬʱк
ݳ壬شһת˺ȻһӶסһһΪݵһɲǡ
˶ؼǰ
˫ּʿֿ͡쵶һǰĳ˺ü˫˫Եڵأʱһغ
ǰҪ
λƺڰɱˣ֮ļΣһУ鷢֮
ֳȻˡ
ڰʿꡢէһӴĵӰ֮䣬쬣쬣쬣쬣
һݳӰ
ϲͷŷβޡߣӡлɽ﷭ܸգĸȻ
ĸĬ
էȻһĵӡлɽһһ𣬶ͷǶֱͷϿȥ
﷭ܸյһţ̵Ű˵ڵһʺһ¸˽Źʿꡢ֮ǰͺ̣񲻿һ
ֻϧǷˣ࣬Ƕڰ˵ȴ˿Ҳв
ʵϰ۾ǿΪ֡
һΣȴıһԵеַлɽܸ˵һɲǣ˫ݵƾͿһ裬ֻáһнܸ֮һţ̵ԼлɽһֶȻ־ڴˡ
Ϊһɲǣ˵۾ѿϲͷŷ롰βޡߣ˫˫ǰе֪ȥ
һ֮𣬶𡭡
ǰһ
ĵͬʱֻѸ
ͻȻɽ졣
ʢŭ֮£ȻʩչжʧδľռӰ
ȷš
˫˵ľ룬Ȼڰ˸յ֮£ֻŷ߸ԷһҽУ˫˫Ѫ֮䣡ÿ˱˳̣ͬһһѪۡ
֪ԭΪħƣϵԷֻŵùֽһĶ
ͬʱܸաлɽһһͬʱŰϮ
Ȼʧ˱УȴҲԴС
ܸһŵأʩչɨȵĹһֱɨȥ
һȹʮ㣬ۿѽɨڰһ˫֮ϣ˾ŵǣȥһƥӰ̱
ܸһţɨһա
һܸͣӿƲסתһȦӡ
ȵתչվǰ
﷭ܸŵõһԵõ﷭ţϵΪṦԵʡ
ǰ˵ܸյĹãڵаͶء书ǿڽڵżʶԵһ˺üӣʶߪʱ䣬ͰΪص²ͷ
﷭ܸպŷн飬ص˰æ
벻飬ȴΪԼ벻ɱѣȻʼϷǼ
ܸдһλƽδŵֿͣٸҳ֣ӻһ˫֮£áǧˡ쬡һ˳ȥ
ȻˣȻӵû
ӻǰһֻּʱһѾ׽ס˹ܸյһ˫ס
ʱһԵġӡлɽͷҪʱȴδϵ˾ϵĹܸյУ͵
ֻ顱һ졣
ͷ­һ飬һʱ䣬ѪĽ˫˫ڷ
ƺȻδеŭ
ֻ˫һһһ죬Ӳذѡ﷭ܸյ˺Ƭһʱ֮䣬Ѫ磬Ҳ̶á
һԵ֪Ŀüˣŵûɢ˫Ŀһ赹ڵء
˸һһ֣ץ
ﺰɱ𣡰ٶ֣֡ԶԶȦ˸Ȧӣֳƽ
һֵֻץ֪ˣһ˫Ŀ䣬ڿͫӣ濴һۣסһƬŭݡ
֪ͷһģȫǴ˵شʱת
ǵλҪɷǣǰʱסŵֽһȫһƬ

һ˫˸ӣش
֪Ƭײţ˵ġһЦҲҪղ˵ԶԹ޳˼ˣҵҲһ롭
ǡ׳ʿ
Ǿ仰Ǯҡ
ǡҸһ㡣
ôͽЩԶԶվ򡭡
˵꣬ųǵĴ֪Ķɭ֮С
ֻһصͷסڵӦţﻹ˵֣
ˡȥ
֪һ˳Ƶģȥ졭
Ϊ˵һֲֻͣػš
ܵĹٱһСٵĵ֮£
λʮ꣬ϱλεһڸֵսˣ˵һܴ顣
ֻԲһ˫ۣԶԶرŵˣְѵ˵֣޵˷ģһӲ˵ġ
֪µ߳쵰ȥ
һ¹˺
һЦ֪ߣ
ǡ
֪ǰ˼κ˫ȷָӣ˼
һɲǣȻһֻ֣ץסĸ첲һֱǰ
࣬ԭž״׷ÿ
ɫ޷޵վڵԣһδʵӡ
Ѻ֪ߵ
Ӿͷһķӣ֪˽լ
ô
Ŀŵǰᣬվס˽Ų
֪صͷǡ
ãô㴫»ȥ˸Ͽرһ£˵˭ҪĴ治죬ݹ飡
֪ȫӦš
̷Ը˵졭쵽ȥз˺үСرһ¡
լ
һЦ˲ңҲˣ࣬ҿֱֵһ
֪ǽսţͣӦǡ
˵ʱΪпɳ֮
վڰ˱Լɿ⣬Ϊֵĺûᣬһֵϣӹһ񹭣Ź׼˺󱳣쬡һ˳ȥ
˴˼֮һܻ䲻еĵ
ҵǣһжƺΥ˳顣
һ죬ѷ
Ӳδתһ٣Ѱһֻˡ
ܼ״һ
һݣеһӣһݣϸֵȻϮ
һЦ
ȻͷҲһָۣѰѽһ᳤֧˳ȥ
һƣֱӭ
쬡һǰüģ
ÿ죬¸죬ҽһƽյһͨˤڵء
µӣһ˼תϵĸֵǺॡ׳ʱһغ
ֳֻⷬÿһ˿Ŀɿڴﻹ
֪һţ㾰ŵ˫ⷭȴҪ˹ȥ
һץЦһߣ
֪һĭڰ˵Ĵ֮£żǰС
˲լڡ
֪ˣ
һѱã÷һֻڡ
˴Ǽһ£ͷǺǣȡһʵˣ
֪Щʱȫ̱һ̫ʦϡ
һо֮󣬻عĿ
֪ԤŲֻŵȫ򶶣ȴſڽ࣬˵һ仰
ľګϣһ˿Цݣ˵òź£ǮƣΪֵ֣һӰɣ
֪էŴԣǶһصͷ˵лллл
ԭҪٲȴֻع
֪ʱɫԶֻһ˫ŵӴ֪ҪЩʲô
չ֮˳ƶ
ǡӢۡ
ڴҴŻĶδʣҡ
¹ٲҡ򲻸ҡ
˹֮΢΢һͷãΪˡ
֪һ
֮¶һЦ˵Щʵ֣֮ҺܱǸ
ֻ֪ɵƵصͷ
֮ҪȻһ£ЦĲ»ġ
֪ǿ򶨵վɣ
չĿ΢΢һЦⲽ
̤ſһɲǣڸֵ
ڴͬʱ־ȻҪһڵĵۿѽ֮ͷɲǼ䣬һ˫ѷֱݳߵǰ֮ϡ
߶ʱͣľһĲƶ
ڵ˹֮ͷһ磬ȴͷҲδһ
չıһȮҢΪվҹʱѨԽ⣬ԺǴһҲٰˣ
˵Ѿҡ
֪۰Ͱ͵ؿ
չԼ߲ת
֪ʱһ֮صһͷм仰㣬Ҫʵʵ˵
֪Ӣ˵¹֪޲ԡ
ͺãΪҪ˵òʵڣһģʱֻɾѱȵˣ
֪ŵɫһ࣬סڵص¹ٲң¹ٲң
㣬ʲΪȭǸͷʲôˣ
Ӣʵǡ֪
֪︡һ˸Уһˮת
֮ͷ
֪¹һཻѡ
ʲôɳ
¹ʵڲ֪
Щʲôˣ

˵
֪Էӽһ£ʵû۳塣
ȻɱѾȻҡ
֪Ѿ³⣬סһ䡣
һǻ壬ΪѶ֪֮ˣʵٳĺˡ
һ£ҡһͷ¹ʵڲ֪ﻹʲôˡ
жûУ
˵
֮һѵǰ
֪һӡ
֮ɭɭصǼ֪᲻֪ĵϸ
֪ƵƵҡͷľµԸӵĵز
¹ʵڲ֪Ӣ㲻Ҫ̫
ã֮ͷôס
ڳ࡭
񱤣
ǡ
֮һЦٿת
֪׷һеӢۡ
ٿػͷ
֪˫ϥһڵء
˹֮һЦ˵ʲô
֪һߵͷӢۡһ棬е˰ɣ
֮ͣһ£Ұ׵ϴһ˿ЦҡҡͷҲŹǵġ
֪ϥһ飬֮˺һ΢ΣӴ
ȵ֪ǰʱԷٵӰ˶ܡ
컯գӣ糤һƣ˼Ȼʧ١
֪һһڵء
Ϊʮ꣬Ҫ˵Ҳû˵Ĺ£ᱻˡ
ڡ롰һ߱ϣҵӵ˻ȴˡ
վľϣԶżš
ȻһƬȦһ죬ˮ
Ե︣಻ʳ
ճյصĪҲ⵽˶֣زˣ
︣סʹƽԳؼ˼˵δʱǰ粻תأҪͶһšȥδʱѹֻ˼ҡ׶༪١
üһһ书ǵǷ켫Ҳ˼Ļ˶֡
︣ӲһᣬҲţǡǡǸ˼ƽһƵġ
صҲܣҾԲ˼һҪȥ
︣̾һط̫ۣ䣬ǵǰСȥȰɣҪǻһᾭ
ĬĬصһͷ
︣Ͱһ򵥵ұͶľŵĵһ֨֨Ƴ֮ڡ
һӣһֳ
⸽ԶֳȻΪ棬ֻȥˣЩũӣĳ˳ͨߵġ
ǰһˡ
˴һϮѩ׵ĳӶڳٲɮ붨
ʹ˾ȵĲǽˣװʱ붬ˮɱ˽ֻһϮĳֱǴΥ飡
ߣϮϵļɫťۣ⣬ҲΪע⡣
˵ķʽҲ̶̵ܹ֣ѹǰϣŮǰġʽ
ͷɾԵ̫ˣ
ʮҵ꣬ݰݵһϥڶֳϣһγ᫵ĻȴҲһ£һ˫ŵ۾Ҳһ¡
︣ʱֵоɲסͣ½Ų
ֳ֨֨ƵƵǰˡ
ƳĺĹãȻͣ³ӣߵ︣ͷЦλүһطô
︣ͷ
Ƴĵһл
ֳǰơ
ǺȻͣסˡ
ƺڳǸ˵˼ʲôǸƳֻعͷ˵
ʣһסô
︣ʱһɲס໥ضԿһۣȻ˲ף
︣ص˶ǣ֪ʵһң
һλĸڣ
˵ĲƳĳ򣬶ڳϵǸװ͡
һŨصĴ
˴ֵڳϣ˵ʱͷҲһ£ܿ۾Ҳûһ¡
︣ͻȻһ
ֵľֹٵ٣︣뵽µĺ
˼ͬʱһ㵣
üһٿ̧ȥץıѣֹ︣Ķ
ô˵
ͷҲһ£صһλ֪ס
︣ȥˣ
ţ
˻ػع
ƿ˳ʽһ˫̺ʵӣע˵︣
︣ʱһӷ䡣
ǲʲôֵĸӦɾͲö֪֮˵Ŀ︣ʶһǰδĺ⣡
ǳ˵Ŀ⣬̫ںϷֺ⡣
ֱֱעǺº͵ӡ
ֻʹеı飬ȴҲ˲ҹͬΪľګ壬ֺñ˵һ
ˣ
ǡ
︣ҡͷƺѾ˭ˣҲ˵ʲôԭ֮˸һĸоôս¡
һЦôô֪ڼң
֪︣ˣҶʶ˼ҵʱڰ;£ԣ֪ڼҡ
룬ͷ˵
һͷ˵۹⣬Ȼϣֻüͷһ塣
ܲȻذͷƫһߡ
ٻͷ︣գ
︣ګګǡ
΢΢һЦֳʮд̬
ش︣Ļȴ︣ϻʲôˣ
¾Ͳ̫ˣ˶ܶࡣ
мپ
߰˸ɣ
ɫʱΪ֮һ䣬תۼԸԪ
ڼ
ǰɣ
϶ʱԳһƬ̬
лл
︣һ֣ʵȥôһ߷
ָ︣ǰɴǰ϶һƬӣ䣬ϰҲ͵ˣ
һŰ϶ʱԳ֮ɫصһͷһֳ֣ǰ
С︣ô£ô˵һͨ
ֻ︣עǰĶֳȴʮѿɫ
Īǻ
һʲô
̻ԭеģʱ︣ôһᣬʱһ˵
꣡
ָֹ︣˵˸۲˳۹⿴ȥڶֳϵǸڿֳǮ
ӳ̫ˣҪС
ֻ︣һۣæһߣ
˴Ҵ˼Աߡ
һƬӣռ˵ҲʮĶ֮࣬һ۵С䣬޵ڶͨС
︣ƺһ
˻ͷٿʱֻǰһСѻƹֱ߾
ǸֳĹֿͣȻʧ١
︣һµÿ
޷޵صҪȥԸǸĪǾô
︣ͷˡ
һ£ɫұô˵˼˶֣
︣ɫȻ޻Զԡ 







 

  
ġǰѰ 

Ȼףҧʵ
︣಻¡
һĺ紵ҶһƬһЩټ龰ɾ͸ˡ˼ȻҧһݣҪȥ齣
︣һץסҪʲô
ȥСȥ

︣סǧ򲻿ɡ
ΪʲôΪʲô澴еҪ󲮱𡭡ſңſң
һ˵һš
︣סš
ſңҪʸ
︣ɫȻҪ˼Ҳ˵Ķ֣ܱʲô𣿡
һ仰˵ʱһ
︣˵صСҴıǴˡǿ߰ɣ
ҧһݣɿ˽յĽѡ
︣Ż̵ز֡
ǻѾõҶڽġ
˳Сһ̣︣ȻվסŵУ
ô
˻ģ˵︣ݷ˵ڡ
֦ţûһ˿϶ͷֻҡҷŵһ⣬ĸҶżϲų񣬴̵˽ŵʹ
ûжԶ
ȻվסţСˣ
︣һ
桭
ģ
ذӶ
ҧһһ
˵Ϣϸ
书Դ״⹦տ裬֮ڡ棬С΢֮
ʱϸ֮£
ˣ
︣һ΢΢ǰ
͸β򣬽ҡҷһƬ⣬һƮŵİӰӺȻ֮ڡ
ǰڶֳϵǸˡ
ֻԶԶվСһˣһ˫ߴš
һκܳʱ䣬Ҳһ¡
ҡӰ֦Ҷ涣ȻһҲ
ˣЩסˡ
̧һЩһƣת֮䣬һСС֦ˡһ
ԭǺעһǻҡ˵˿ҲԲ
ǶνһЩˣҲ˵ξʹǲͬ
СͷǸˣȻ֡
︣ں˾Զϵı飬־ϿƺѾ졣
һôƮȻ
ǰ
֮ľ룬ֻԶ
Լ⣬粻ʵǹˣ
Ų԰׵ϱһЩŭݣֻз䣬ǰƶļöťӣ⡣
澵ֽץŽӣԱҪʱʱԳӦս
︣һֻ۸գҲգע
ϸһ֮󣬰ֳһƬյĽЦ
ƲǰУǰԼ߳ߵľ룬ֶӡ
ȡһϸеҶɵ
ֻֽţѷɵףֵʮָ֮䣬ֻҪһɳ֣ٷУһʧ
ַɵһԸȻһɲǣȴһ˵ԥ;¡
Դ̣˾ʹ뿪ҲˡһֱǾ˵һɵ
˫Ŀֱӣȫ˫ƣȴʱԷһ
ȻǸȴûлͷһǰˡ
һ˷ɵ
︣ɿ˵ˣ
ճɻҲϵá
︣̾һǻȵһš˵Ƿڻȷ
һ仰ִһϣʱһ񣬵ͷ߰ɣ
˼ȻǰȥˣҲͲٵģֻΪȥԻ
ַǰ֦ǰߡ
ЩӶǶһ˸˸߿ɲ죬ҶӲӣһ漫ĲڵգʱżȻ磬ҶӴŵԿЩգ󲿷ֵʱ䶼Ǻģ䲻ֲָȴҲƵˡ
︣۾Ͳ̫⣬һֻ۾쿴ʱ򻹻ӣοǰ
ûԶѾһˤ˺ö
÷ֳһֻ
һֻһڽǰе·֦˳
һ⣬︣ˤһ
֦һҡΣֻһƬ౼
ڰзһ
ںЩСһ˫۾һɲնǣɻȣײڶֽ֨֨ţɷǿֲ
︣Ӷ˫ƣŽƷ罣Ӱ֪ɱ˶
ȻǶݵһ˲ȴҲ˳Ծµġ
ڴƬĶŵڼž֮ǰȻһˡ
һŰ·ˡ
Ҳվˡ
ȻվΪ濺︣ͲԼԾĻ޲ĵ
Ϊ˴һ·
һṦ˳̶ȣ˳Ծģ
룬ȶǰѾͣȴûоЩϢ˸Ǿξ˵Ṧ
ȷֵ˵︣
ԭΪԼĶ۴ſˣһĿϸ֪ˣȻһˡ
ʱҲˡ
ȻߺܰȻ˵ճ˻ңҲܹϵó
żݵİ
ǲƽǰϵһ̷
Ǽ׳ӶԼ׺ڶǰһҫŽťۡ
ǸڶֳϵĹֿ͡
ղڶǰʧˣת֮䣬Ȼ˶ǰ
³ͻȻ︣ɲסһ
˫ֿܽɼ
֮︣࣬һһȭϻ
һȭ߿ˣһȭȭȭȭ쵽γһƣһţһͥһ̡
쬣쬣쬣γһȭ硣
ȻȭȻ߿ˡ
ڰܿǸˣȫǲ̰ҡš
ڶ̬ϵȻ˾̾ź︣ÿһȭƫƫҡŵӰ϶֮䡣
ȭ֪֮︣ԷĲ롣
һٵؿĸˡ
Ҳ˿⡣
ֻ۾޾ŵشǰˡ
ǲ̣ͣҡŵؾֹ
Ȼľګ
һ˫ӡ
żһ磬ˣ͸һƬ⣬ʹ˸ؿǰˡ
úһƪѻ
Ǹ˵ЦţȥȻӲҵģ˵ʲôˣ
Ҵ󲮣

ƫע澡
ãܳʵһָֻ֣︣أ
︣
˱һôֻʣˣ
ȲҪңһҪ㡣
ʣ֪޲ԡ
濷߷ߵҴأ
ʵ
Ҵ󲮣˼ôˣ
ɭɭһЦѾˣ

ɲסһȻѶ϶³ȻֻƾƲ⣬δ֤ʵ
ʱ׿˵仰ǿʵԣܲʹһ
︣ˣ㶼ɲסͻȻסˡ
ɬᣬ˳
شͷȫ΢΢زš
︣˫ץһӣȻϵı飬Ǹ˱ץŵӣȴһӲ
ڰУƮҶ
ȻһؿǣϺޱ飬·ΪȻ˿ġ
ݵĳš
ƺѾָ򶨡
̧ͷǰİһۡ
µ֣

Ϊʲô
ֻǡĮЦһ£¶ɭɭݣԭɱң似ңΪɱǺܺ顣һ£ӵ֮Уǿʳһ𽣰ѧʱʼӦн׼
˫ǳ侲һ⡣
ص似ҳһǿ֣ԡ
Ϊܽ
ǵǡ˵˵һƽľĻ󲮵书ұȽԶȻ򣬾Ӧ뵽Ӧû˱ǿԼǵˣ˹
Ȼָ︣
һЦ
Ͽȥƺ᲻˼ʹ˸еȥҲ΢΢
︣ͬˡ
˵֮䣬︣һֱûп˵ǰȴʶ
ǰˣɷϵģȻƽδľС
︣Ѿ϶Լ濣ӿ˵Ķ֡
뵽һУԼ𱣻С︣оԵġ
ʼղ˵һ仰Ҫ˼άôӿ˵ħƣҪĻڿǵϧԼҲҪȫסС
ʵֺγû뵽һ㣿
ΪˣŻǿѹĵķߺ˸Уϣνһ̬
˰ɱֵĻ΢΢Цһ¡
ɫһЦʲô
Цֻ˵˵ѡ
˵˵Ҳ֣

Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô۲һתֻһͨŮӣϹһֻ۵Ĳзͷˣɱ
û˵
һ۾ע濵ܴΪô˵ҾͻŹ㣿
һЦֻ·ߣ
·
һɱҡ
ұ㡣
ģһЦ㣬Ҳϵˡ
գһƤľȻصΪʲô
˵ΪĻ᲻
˷ЦЦٴһЩǣǿζ֤濵Ļ
濵һǷǡ
ǣ
ҡҡͷЦһ¡
㵱ȻһʴȵˣŲŹǣһú
û˵
ʼԷŮһɵͣһǻ۵ģȴҲɹڴ⡣
ҵЦһµΪŹңԺҾԲŹ㡣
ЦţǶԷ˵Ҳ鲻Խصһͷ
濽ŵͻ𣿡
ʶҡһͷ
Щ֤ܰ似ڣƥڴΪ˵ľ˵ʵڻ졣
صìܵġ
ګګ˵Ϊʲôìܣ
ɱǣȴֹ˼Ϊ֣ȥɱһŮ˺һзϵͷײһٵ¡
˹Ȼһ
濽һЦԳŪĿ˵ֲķߣΪԶҲһ˽ˡ
ɫʱһ䣡
濵ȲҪΪ˵׻һЩŵ㣬ҲͲ˵ˡ
˵춯һ£û˵
濵ŵǳʵ˵ѡ
˶ʱֵһͷ
濵ʹԼҲǿǸ۰ҡˣǲǣ
ֵһͷ
ӵ˵һЩϻʵǷϻΪЩõġ
Щ𽥵ڰϲá
Űһ˿ЦҲ֪˵ЩʲôãګګΪһŹǣǿɾʹˡ
ҲóȻǳ֡
һüëô˵ҼȲɱǣֲǣǺìô
ҡҡͷҲìܣ
˺Ȼɫһ䣬˫ƽһЩ׹⡣
ȫȫعעϣԷһһĵһ仯Ҳܿı΢
ڣȷɱһЦʵѾɱҵĲնݳǲӦ÷Ź˵ģȻһˣһŮˣ
ϵʱŤһš
㲻ҪԼΪܴʵ뵽ģ뵽˵Щֻʱ䣬ܾ˵
濵Ǿ˵ȴöࡣ
ҿһ
ǿԴһġ
һЦַӵûҿɲĵ
ôǳˡ
ЦԵóˡ
Ҫʲôģ
˵ģҺ︣˰ȫ뿪
㿴ôҿɲ¶ˡ
濵֤㲢һˣôԸⲻԸһ£
أ
Һ︣Ҫ֣ǰ
ת︣︣Ըô
֪︣λֶСȴ֪Ȼڴеǰ侲֮ǰĳ嶯ƺˡ
벻ǰ̬תˡ
ʱ︣˼ص£︣θ๣˵һ︣ͷ­Ըʱ˫ַϡ
΢΢һЦĿת˵ھͿҲˡ
૵ûҹĳҵġ
ԭչ̴
֮ګګ˳ƶıǡ
ʧúܡ
ܲʹļףԳˣ޲ʳ⣬Ƥ
ȻĹԷɱʱͲòǵҪ
ֻҪȥͲûиĻᡣ
˹֮Цϻ˵˵Ҫʲôİɣ
ҪġҲ˵Ԥô
֮һЦðɣ
澵ҪҲ¶ˣ·ҪҲ´ˣҪ˵ֻҡһͷϺὣء
֮ͷ˵ðɣ˵ɣ
濵ûǳ֣Ϊ˼
Ѿ˵ˡ
濵ֲߣΪûҪߡ
ϻ
ô濺Ŀⶢǻ֣ǲǣ
֮ʱһ
Ƕ϶Լûв´̽ȥΪһͿ˳µض¶ˣ𣿡
֮һ
һԸˣҲǵ˻ܹȻһȴǰˡ
ȻڼϰܸˣѰܸ˶ԷȻһǶ۵顣
΢΢Ц︣׼֣ȴαװ֪
֮ѹǰϵһ縶̷Ȼָֻƽ
һ书ﵽ˾ˣȻһ³嶯ˡ
ȻɱȴҲԼһɱ˵Ĺ񡪡ȻҲһ۰ҡ
ˡ
濺еĽʺ
ֻҪҡһͷȻǵغὣء
һӾ
֮󣬹֮Żصһͷµò㣬ܴڲ׽ᣬһһ׾Ͳˡ
һ
γսʤ˵Ŀ֡
ذѳؽ
һʱҵȻһ׶ԸķҲһҪ
֮ȫ˸
£
һ仰Ȼǵ֣ôһⶼˡ
Ȼղȴû˵κοԼŭĻ
аһľǡ塱ֻ֣Ҫߵǿߣ޲šһŵǧ𡱵ĸԣֻҪԼ˵Ļڡ
֮ȻԷŮӵĲӡ
Цһ˵ʶһҿһô
濺ԥرԼ֣
֮ЦŵҼסˣǻټġ
˵һֻ֣סһӣذͻһš
ֻáಡһ
ڣһ֧˳ȥɲǼ١
һšش硣
ֶʮУþĩϯ
һʢʱڣһҲдŹʣȻԴǰ÷ȥԺְ˾ʦܡԪơԺһڽϵɾÿˡ
˼Ҳ˵ˡԪơ书ãʵ˵ǸϺ
һҳԭĻǿ˵еӱʵ¶á۹ȥ²
ôһ˵ȱ̫һ㡭
ԴǰȾصķʪ֢֮Щȱ㣬ɾͱֵԡǣһšһִɣǸʱʼȥģһǧɣ
һšԭڶӣóϡ
ڵ²˼굽ͷϣҲǣڵʵ׷ǨΪ
ЩȻԡһšȴΪ˶Ͷ˱ɣֹ˵ǾˡĴȻλȴǺú֮һЦ֮
ôһȻ롣
һšſȸҲյĹˡ
˵λڳ̨Ϸ
ټһɣֻʣĸˡ
⣬ˡ
һϣһǺ鳤ϣһǳϣǸصصСӡ
Сչʮ꣬ԥġ
ǰ÷Ϊǲ͵ĴţһֱͿ
÷ȥԺ󣬵̨λϺʦΪ͵Ĵţȴƺر˳ۡ
ҲΪ˱֪֮еԺȴȻŻ뿪
˵ʦ֡
鳤˵ʦܡ
˱𿴱ݺܸߣ˵ʵ˵һ䲻ĻʵΪû취ˣϼҡ
һŴɣֻôĸˡ
˵Ѿȫ磬£һ쵽ƴϲηϰ
Ȼһŵˣ䲻淲ףͬһķȡ
λϣɾʵ̫ˡ
ȥһšյʱÿ¶гͽͽТλԲҪʳβͬˡ
ȻҲûеӸТλȻϰ߲ģȻǲ֣ſڡ
ϵĶԿľֻǸûϢͽܹ
ÿ뵽ɽϲժҩģõȥһšڵصĸɽɽϳܷḻú󣬹ÿ춼Ҫʮúú̿С
ǿЩάĸ˵
ʱ˵˵ҪСӣ˶Ҫˣ
ʵȷˣһšȷǲˣ
̫Ǳġ
ԺѩŻ˲ãûз硣
һһٿΣ档
̫Ƥϡ
Ű׷ͷ
ŵƵһŵĻ档
ʱǡꡱʱѹϡʱŵ
ߴŵͷϾҪȥˡ
̾ϢһСɽϰ죬Ҳûˣһľأ
鳤ϵСˣ鳣첻ԺҪú˵˵
ϸҪ˵ȴ󴫳һЦ
һͷطԭ˵ˡ
ͷһֻ̰һľȣüһ㡣
λʱһվ
һֱסǼ䵤ǰԺԺԶǰԺ
ĪֺλǰĳԾˣ
ϻæǰƲȴ˺˼
鳤ϺЦǰʦӹǿˣ
ֻŹصСӻûлô
ϵ˵ѽǵϰˣ
鳤ϵСǸҰֻ֣Ҫһȥ벻춼ˡ
ԺʦҪúýѵһٲǡ
ʲôҪĻôʵ
ͷҪ
˵̾Ϣһһ˫ӣǰԺתһȦرǡһšǿңעض˼ۣ
˵һָп
¶һꡣ
϶ʱΪţˣĪʲô׵ô
Űעšһšǿҵת˻Ϊעڶϵϡ
ﻹЩʲôˣ
ޣЦһµʵúãĸˣĻʲôˣ
һȺţιεĶ
ص˵ͷЦһµЩ꣬ѲˣǶ˶λʦֵܣ
鳤һ̣ѵЦԼʦֵ˵Щ𣿡
ЦţһͷܣҲʹȻһšˣ
ϸ̾Ϣһȴû뵽Ļָ
˵Ҳûӵ¡ҲҲ󣬡һšܹ֡
⻰˵̫ף˵һ룬ͷ̫ĵԼͣ
һ˫۾תתЦһµʲҾвϤһšǰһѡ
˶ʱһ
Ŵ󡭡ѣ
̾Ϣһҽϰϳķڼ֮飬ҿ
˵գվǰн
ȥ
ָɽһŨصĺƣѹɽۣȴһɫĹֱ£ѺɽȾһƬѪ졣 







 

  
塢Ԥ 

λһۣԡ
ȴɫ԰ף̾һͷãˡ
ϵô˵ʲô˼
һ˫΢΢һյֶȥؽлѪ֣ɱϮ꣬һšɱ٣ֻŴѽλʦֵܣǻʰʰȥɣ
϶ʱһ
⡭ǵ棿
鳤ȫһӲһһضµ⡭⡭
¿һ۵Сô
ǿһ£ĿעλǻʲôĪǵҪô
鳤һǡ
ֻˡ
ɫȻǡһšˣӦ٣ҪԷôһ·
֪ĸпǧһʱ治֪Ӻ˵
ƵƵ̾Ϣţ˵Сӡ⺢ӣһ໰Ҫ
˵תλһ£ֳһƬ⣬ľڵ϶һ£Ժתȥ
鳤һϵߣ
˸ոתɾͿϱһ¨źܶණһʰϣ
鳤ϣСӡ
˹ʮ꣬һֲ¿㣬̤Ьô죬һƤġ
Ӷغһȥ˿ûиʵڵʱϰҲƽչɽҰľúͳһʵļ⡭
ṦȻ
Ļ򲻻ڱ˶ණ֮£˽ý
ǧʯףһĹ˶ͷ
һţϣæ϶£ȭʦʦ壬;ú򣡡
ϵҵľأ
˫һ̳ǰΪ̳ƣӶ·ҶģʦƿǳĻ񣡡
ֽӹϴЦơ
ںֻҪоơĴѧ
鳤ȴ⺢ӣҪأȥ
һŲԺ롣
ϱžϲ̵ҪҶƣ鳤ϴ󼱵ô£ʦֵĻûô
˵վ
߼˦˺鳤ϵ֡
鳤һô£
Ҫߣǲߡ
˵ţһ
㡭

Ͽ˾̳ӣȺһڣһþƣŰһ˫۾鳤ϣûɵ㼸仰͵棡
ףʲô˼
ʲô˼治Ǽٲ
⡭
鳤Ȼָ֪еĸо
ʵ˵ɣҿһۣС˵һƭ˱ˣȴƭȣ̣
ʲộ
ɵ񣡡
ʦ֣ټƽϼϾƣһǿ
չʾĶ⡣
뿴˵ϣһšݲҵֵ٣ûУ
һҵû
ûɵʲôҸɣ
˵ָͷֵ
ʮ
򣡡ϹЦӣ뿴ⲻǸСĿɣ
⡭˵
仰Żˣݼҵɾ͸Сˣ
ţôһ˵еƵġֻСӡ
Ȼ벻Сӣûƽ׵òˣ˭Ҫ˵СӲã͵һҷ˳зˣ
鳤һüҿʦֻڡ
ڸƨҪߣǲߣһŵˣһŵĹ
һȣҲߣ˭ܹð̧Σ˼̧ȥ
鳤ˡ
һǶС۾ô˵⻣ǵģ
ǻ˵Ц˵ѽһšʲôڹˣʲôѣģܹһ٣ڽʲôˣʲô磿˭Ÿǹȥⲻʲô
鳤ƵƵͷôһ˵е
ϵܣ㵽Ἰ꣬ʦܣȣˡٺϸ꣬ˣǾӡʱСӸ˵һ֣ҾŹƨҲҷһ
鳤϶ʱĻŭţǰĿ־һԵþ⡣
ϺٺһЦվɣֵܣ±һֻǺȥɡ
Ի̵˺Ժ
ֻ߾˳磬ϥƴǰšһšɽ֮һ鲼ϸϸŽϵĳҡ
ڽԴûʩùôóʾ̬ĲѰ
áһۿͷ
վʦ£
һ£¡
Ӧá
ʱɽգһ
΢΢һ٣пǧ̾˿˵ʦүʮǰȻ˽֮ң˲˼֮Ҳ
£ʦ˵һ㣬ĪʲôҵҪڡһšвɣ
˵òؽӿ˵Ϊʦв򣬵Ϥѽ٣ת֮㣬һΣ֤ʵüޣѾҲ
ʦôô˵
̾һʲѾ֪λ壬Ĭ˻͸ţӴ٣ֻͽӢ̣ɶҲδ֪ҷصңҳǰֱⷢʦүڼǰ㶨˽ɼʹȻ
˵һ£صǳ£÷ǳˡʦүһ֮Ȼ˵ľ㡣ֻΪʦʾ֮УǱſδĴУԿʾԷԣֻµҲƥΪʦ˼Ȼ֪·
㵵Īûл֮ô
ҡͷûУΪʦʾʵֻ·ֻӴѣ֣ӹⲽ٣ơ
Ϊ֮Ȼ
ҸղѰ㳽֣һԣϤ㾹Ǵоټ֮һ˴֮ղΪʦһ˫棡٣ܹһ֮ҡСӣձ֮˴ҵȫ˫֮ˡ
վ𣬵ӽɽŹˣʦλʦȵɽһɣ
ҡҡͷڽӣǿ⣬֮ҡʱѲ࣬СӣмҪҪ㣬Ҫϸ
ȻͷӦǡ
ԴǰȥԺȫһ࣬ƺرͶԵ
˶ΪǸΪϷ
Ȼȴϵõ˼ô
ЩѰһ书Ҵڣ˭Ҳ뵽쿪úСӣȻǡһšһӡ
ΪˣҪȫӡ
˼һλӣʦɽ֮ʹ֪
Ǹػ־ˣ
˽˵Ըһλʦڹ˵ȴֱ縺˸ŵĴҵ
ԥ֮£ѡ˺ߣ۵ˮʦĽ̻塣
˫ְѸǰǿڡ빭ڽ¡
ϥأѱ
סڽǱɽ֮򲻿ʧһšҲȫ˺ʹһڽˡ
˵ʱƤһ˼¡
ؾɫ΢ѽ٣ЩҪ㣬ֻˡ
һؼԼʦµһףȥɣ죡죡
ӹһʱס
̾Ϣŵмס˱ǵаһ֣ǧ򲻿ͼֵɱ֮ѣʱһšϿ˵ˡ
ֻʦӡ
Ҷ꣬Ӧ֪ΪˣСŮ̬ʹȥɡ
˫ϥأʵʵߵͷ
ǰ濴ʦʦûУִⲻȥҲȥɣ
Ӧǡ
̧ͷעӣʦǳ򶨣ǵû˿˸Уȴһõİģ
֪ݳ˲򶨹ʮʵ塣
ԻŭݵΪʦԱŸ˴ҵУȴ޶ԣʧֻ¾Ȫʦ㶼ˡ㣬ʰһ£ɽȥɣ
ȻһһĿʹӽʦ̻壬ĵ֮꣬Уֻǳòɲ֪ӴĿôһӦ֮뿪ɽ
ԭ˫ĿȻɡĶ߰ɡȥȥٲߣɾˡ
˵ʱٲȻڼŭ֮С
꣬ǵһμʦ˶ˣ֪¼ȣٸҶԣ
ٴһҴת
ﶸһ磬סһ
һ˼ſʦϣٸҵģ
һģ첽ߵԼڣѼ׻ϴ¿㣬ͬʦԼװһ
ͷϴһңѼ뻳ڣҴǰԺ
ǰԺŵơ
ڵ¶
һ߽
һۿһԺۣСӣѡ
㵵صλ˼Ǻͷûйնλô
鳤һЦ˵ЦǲţСӣʦһơ
һ£ãǶģǲߵӣôã
ţɫλǰʰһ°ɣҪٺˣ
˵žȥʰϵľƲˣȴذס֡
ʲôϷһ˫СۣмصΪһЩ
ʦôߣ
ĿʹְڣòӦ٣λǰȴǴɲء
Ϸ޷޵صȥģҪߡ
ʦǡ
ͷ
ϴ߷ֵľ⣬˵ҲԽ޼ɻ䣬صǡһšߵĳϣҲóһʦ֡˵ʲôգ˵ߣǲߡȥתˣݲҵ̡
˵˺һֻڵؽţֹһھƣź˸һƬ˵׹⣬һԲϣҪģ
ʱһ£뵽ʦһƬ⣬ɼɣмǲƽ
κζλ֮ˣȴ˵ߣԼҲǿ
³̾һվһ⣬벻λǰ˼ҡӦˬһθ⣬ӷȰλ˼һת⣬ɽˡ
鳤ЦΪʲôߣ
ְڡ
Ϸ޷޵ȻҶҲְڣ㲻ض˵
һ£·ؿ˸ͷĿվȻӸˡ
鳤̾Сѽҿ㻹ǲߵĺá
˵У߲ɣλ˼ңౣء
˵գְһݣתͷȥ
֪ô£ȻɲŲ˵ȫı⣬ɼùʹڤڤаš
ﻳŶԶλϵźʤ˸еزһšԺǽ֮⡣
ǽһɽʯס
ʯ׵ĿȽ˫˲С
ɲŲһ·˳ʯɽߣɴϿɼһʯ׵Ρš
ʱɫĺɫڤһѻ룬ĺɫԡѻȺ֯һꡣ
⼴ʦţеֵԸᡣ
ʶΡš
֪һ֮£ʹȻһ
ҹɫĺһԡһšš
Ǹݳ壬ֱƣʬһĽӲ
ֻһ棬ǳԽʱһ˵Ĳ԰ס
ιİذ۵йĽťۡ
һʮֿĺɫӡ
͵һ縶̷ǰϡ
˸˵ĵһӡ񣬾Ͳƽ
һֲֿȻɹǱ
Ī˾ǡ
ʱͣס˲ӡ
ǸȻˡһšĴš
סеһȻֱˣһŵĴС
ͷϼһɽʯ
һǻߡ˸У
Ҫĵȴ֤ʵķ
飬Ī˹
֮ɱִ̨ţԼ١񱤡֮Ѹײڶٶȣˡһšʱ˵ȻҪͿࡣ
ˣȻһ
絽һһšΨһĹ屦δŻĵӹˣɾʮ˵ˣ
һ֮ȻȻգҲ
Ժʮ
÷硰쬡ﴩ
̧֮ͷһǿ顰һšĽִңϲű顣
ȴŽعţ֤ϾһǧںҲһЩֹҪȻݴͨǲġ
ʲôЧ
һֻơ
ֻʹΪһѡʱȻһѵˡ
˳ŷһһ䣡
ڴϸһţȻһΪһƣžʹˡ
ڵյơ
յƣζȼŲϨģΪǡơڳϵġ
šһšڵλ
֮ƺʱַ
԰׵
̵ĵ档
˵ɱ
ܴһۣԽͨҵſֱò롣
ȵǿݻƵĲ֦Ҷ磬ʹڵϴ
̧ͷ
Խȴ
ͿϺͺ鳤ϡ
˻ڵذڹŻ
ǽعرš
Ȼ˹֮ʱȻȻȻ
͸Ŷķ磬̰ѷյ߽ŵƴϨյ
鳤Ͼһէһ̧ͷʱһ롣
Ѷһˡ
֮ˣէȻһĻԾĸоǲŽ֣
鳤Ͼ˹Ƶؽһ˫һ棬ȫƮ⡣
˭
ҡ
ʵøɴ࣬øɴࡣ
ʱҲһ롣
һӣòʤŵӴŶԷһ˭
ң
鳤һתֵǰһ³أźȻŴжۣһ絶ն
ûе
£˲òĿӡ
ϵġٲơоŷֵĻ򣬺鳤ϵġ֡ҲǵС
˵ǺóˣǵǡһšһͳӣԷǵС
˵ȷǺ룬ֻҪһ۾ͿԿ
һ˫ƺߵ㱨ϸɣһšҰĵط
֮һЦ¿ǡһšưӵˣ
ϵʦܣ
һָ鳤ϵʦܺͬõʲôֻܸǸ˵ˡ
ֻ˵š
鳤վӺ棬Դ仰дŭһ߳
Сӣ
ǰһݣѵ
ڶ֮һƣʾһеĶ֣Ժ鳤ϴͲ
ǰһۣá̯ơַ͵˹֮ϴ
鳤һοˡ
ֻ֣ۿѽ˫һɲǼ䣬ȻоɶԷ˫ڣһھ
ɾʹú鳤ϵһ˫֣ƽ˫µƣоϾͺһ˫ƤƵġ
鳤һһ¡
ֹϣͽ¶
ˡ֮˵һ񲻲֡
鳤һȻһɾɶԷϴ
оȻʹ˲á
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
ں鳤ϾɵһɲǣԷȻת鳤ϷԾһɣԷ¹ֿһֻƽ֣Ȼɨȥ
žһ
һҿڣǱһѪ
ɵѪɺ鳤ʺѿڴӿǾ˵̵ĺˮһ㡣
ڴͬʱ֮绹ҪһȽǰ֮䡣
ŵü׵
ɤӴһһ˫áơĴ򷨣žžžһĳơ
֮岻ͬʱŤתһ߰
ƣȥƺʵˣʵȫգ䴦ȫǶԷӰ֮
һá
ӻһˡ
һ
չɱˣȷһס
ԶԷֵĻᣬֻһУһв֣ܹĻ΢΢ˡ
˺ӿ졣
չָ졣
һһ׷ֻáơһ
һβǺܣС
֮һָ񽣰ķ뵽ϵǰ֮ڡ
γĲǺѪǰ׵Խ
ϼ̺鳤֮һ͵ȥ
ˣô£ô򵥣һĵ˫˫군
̧֮һȣѺǰϵʬ˸ǰһ
Ӷ˫ǰʶһ¡
ƺһּΪͻĸй֮һ
ϢʱʮɷԲ֮ڣһƬҶһɻҲӲĶ䡣
ѾԶ϶ʮɷԲ֮ڣҲûеˡ
ȷе֮⡣
벻ټһɣֻ似ͻˡ
ӡ
һֱ̰¡
¹⣬ҹϮκһӴɷʱ鲻Խشһ
Ȼˡ
֮Ժ硣
ѪһǰȵģѾ̡
ɽҹ￴ȥӵĿֲ
һšǰԺһԺ䡣
֮ÿ̤һԺӣҪݵȥѰңֻƾй٣ͿԶ϶ûУ
һŵˣûһʹ˯ˣҲк
ʹ΢ĺҲӹĶ䡣
Ȼдš
ǰԺӣ֮£֤ʵȷûˣڣ̤뵽ĽԺӡ
·һ̤Ժӣ̾;졣
ųһ̴ϢȻĶ侭ϸȴˡ
֮һ
жֻֿܣ
һֿԺҲͬǰԺһûһˡ
һֿˡ
ںߵĻˣȻʹѰ룬һǿߡ
ΪѾؿƺأܿһʿ
֮˿ȥֱֱţһʯͷһ塣
Ȼھ۾΢
ƾڳ˵һܣѾȷԺһˡ
ˣڣѾ˵
͹٣ˡʧӭ¡ʧ֮
һſջȵķƮ
֮ע⵽ȴûƣһ
ڰ͸¹Ժ￴ȻһĿȻ
֮Цºˣ
һšߴ
֮һµô÷أ
˺ٺЦʶ꣬ˡ
֮¼Ȼǽ֮ˣô˵
Ȼһ̾ݴ
֮
ǰѣ
ԩҡ
á΢Ц˵ʪУˡĳӭӡ
סȴŵȻٿյ𣬻һƺһɷõ˿µһˣôſ϶ˡ
һ﷿Ҳûϰ֮ˡ
ȻԸؿ֮֮ȴҲ
ɺڴ쾭壬˭Կ
ڴɾͲѰèһӡ
֮˫ӣȻèһɫ
Ծһɲǣѿˡ
Ǹİ׷ˣһϮʴĳϥƴϡ
֮ڿԿһϮɫ·
һө⣬ϣʯѾȼֽýӡŰǰ͵Ҳˡ
ڶʱɢһƬ⡣
֮Ȼԭĵط
Ҳϰô
һͷʮ깦Ȼ򡣱֮²ˡ
֪Ҳϰ
ͷЦһ֪֡ۡа֮塣
һΣ
֮һšִɣֻʣͬ£һˣǿոʢ
ٺһЦҿֻȫѪ£¼Ȼд˾֣ɱˣ˼⡣
ߵߵϺﾺԭ򣬹ĳ⣬еѡ
ȻͷһеѼȻˣβһ̸
֮΢磬˫ϥֱֱƮĵ֮ڡ
߾룬֮䡣
֮η£ʱԷ֮ڣһĪľ
ǲַǿ̬
Ȼ֪˹֮֮ͬʱҲ֮ܵ˵ڹǱ
˫ȻδֶԲȴѾ˵һ
̬ȻѲǰˡ
Ź֮һĪţֻк֮ơ
һ˲Ĺɫ죬ҺӾ磬ٹһ߳˺顣 







 

  
ѹĵ 

֮˿̬
Ҳûк˵˼
ڷ˿Եοʼǰ΢ҡ
֮ϴһ˿Ц
ֻһ˫ӱŶԷƺҪԷҪԷͦ϶ʱ
һʱ
̲סֻ찴󣬲ҷ˼ĴϢ֮
֮ϵЦΪ΢Ц
΢Цƣֻһ͵̬
ƺľ̬¶ѾĿС
ʲôܱۿŵԼ΢Ц̬ﵹȥ֣ο
ԭͦܲסȻѹڱƺһ¡
ŵԴһ
࡭δ롭̡
˵⼸֣ѴһƬ
֮ϴ˵ĺ
ͷл˵޼
ϵ΢ЦѾʧ֮һɭɭȻɱƺԭʼĿ
ȾҵشϢ
ϢƺԴʧܵˡ
ݳʦкˣ
㿴أ
࿴ƴɽĶ¡
ȻԲݽֵƺڵ֮ϡ
˵ġˡָǵھɽʮһֹаеһ֣޼ɡ
޼һս⡰Ǭš㣬һ毺ӢòһϦ˰֮òΪ֮ˡ
Ƕ޼ԭԭһ֮ƣ·ʹԡʬ⡱֮󺣣ɱ֮£ʮԭ
Ѿһɫˡ
㲻뵽
һȻѪհȻ
ڵ˵һ¡
µĴ£
˻ڳƿ죡
˶̾Ϣ
ᣡ
ֻӰͼεȥܲ⣡
λ桢òӶµһӣԴǴԺʧˡ
ƺӦһɫˡ
Ȼ¾һἰϾͻǰ
ѮͷĹ֮ʱ䣬·֮գʮҡ
ƺӦ˽⵽֮¡
Ȼ˽ӡ
˽ú
һἰʱ̬رһ¡
ص޼ʲôˣ
֮ʣأ
ʦ
̵֮·
ص¶ˣ
¶ˡ
ͷ۾ϲһϲõɫȴһʧɫ
ȻѾ˽⵽¶ˡֵĴۡ

ԡʹһͨ쳹صʿҲоһϲ
顣
ȻҲ⡣
֮صô˵ɽۣ֮һμˣ
۾͵ؿһۡ
Ǹӡ
вսˣ粢ࡣ
֮һ
ص˵ͷ
̾һ
Ϊ׷ڣźǡ
ˣ
ûлش
Ϊʲô̾
ΪһЦ˵Ǻˡ
֮϶ʱֳһƬ⡣
͵ľǵǰս
ƺɱŹ񫣬ƺԵáֽ壡
һۣҺڵʮһֹսԲףƵòΪʹʦӵû
֮ʱһס
ȻԼ˵̫ˡ
һĺ䡣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʹʦܹӵû
ô˵Ǻ޶û
˼
֮һ
ƺܸؿı飬͸ھġ
ңΪʲôغ
ٺ١
֮ǰЦȻǿµģ
Ϊʲô
ЦΪ
ƺö˵ֲܲ˵
һ۾ص緲ʶˣضǺġ
ϲһ䣺Ů˳⣡ʦǲɻ֣ͣ޲ܾŮ֮ʹѣƲеʦͽϵ̸᲻ô
֮ƫͷԡ
ȻԼԼ
Ҳ
˾ȣ
֮ǰϵһ縶̷Ȼ
Ҫɱǰ
Ȼˡ
ӱܵһ£һ
֮ƽն絶ֻһ
ƻһѪ״˳
﷢һ󡰿֮ȻлҪ˵
˵ˣ
֮أܴһۡ
Ժӵһ
ҲһԺһˣ˾Ҳûеڶˡ
֮һѻ
ȴڵġ֮ƴѰǰ漸Ժӡ
Щʵ¥ΡĽ̵ıߡ
ܣ񶰡
֮䣬Ϊû
ƣʱ
ڻܣѬĵŻ˳⡣
ѻŵġ
ǹ֮һ
ڡǷס
Ϊֻһˣ
һҲڹۻ
ʵ֮Զ
˲ҡ
֮Ȼһ۾ͷ
ǹ
һֱվ⣬ʾӡһšլԺ
Ȼûп֮ɱһšڵˣȴ֪Ѿˡ
鳤ϡϡ
ǰ˶ڸ˵лһξ룬Ǻȴҵʦ
ֹʦĸ飡֮Ӧ˵֮塣
ΪһֱػӣЩѳһʦѧĹػΧ
ΪˣԹ˵͸һ˵ˡ
ʵһšŻԼĽһľһʯһשһߡ
Щڹ˵Ҳһеĺ档
ôⳡյҲ̫ˡ
Ŷ˵Ļ˵ķߺޡ

˫ľګʵע⵽
֮˹ߣͣ

Ҳ
ֻƺ˭Ҳû˭
˫۾ȫעⳡĴ
Ѿˡ
ɽµĸɽϣһ㣬֪˶ˡ
ÿ˿ȥôľ˷ܡ
ȻҲ̾ϧΪŴɣףڶ̾Ϣ
ȻֻǼˡ
ǿģСϱţǸһˡ
ģ
ĵ˽ֻЩطŻᷢй쾡£һ㶼ǣǿرֳ
ܣѬ죡
ȻҪȫȼոɾҪ൱һʱġ
ոݣҲĵҪ
ҽţţţţ
ֻǣȴʼնԻ𱣳һξ룡
ˮ顱ô򵥵ĵǸ˾Ͷãһһ㣬մ϶Ǻġ
ֻǲƵģվô
ΨһͬĵطǱúͮͮġ
ͬһϲһǡ
֮ϲɫ
ȴɫݡ
ɱȷŵ̻ÿˡ
ߴգֱȳںÿöࡣ
ȻһžеһȦӣ¥˺¡һ죬
һʱ֮߷ʯɢ׹
Ⱥһɧҷ׷׺ˡ
ȻֻվŲ
һ˹ϣɲǼ
ٵ̤Ϩ
֮һЦλѣ̹ô

ǡһšеˣ
ƫͷϸؿǰһۣҡҡͷ
ôһšʶˣ
ٴεҡҡͷ
ôΪʲô˸У
ȻѩȻȷؿ϶ǰʬĹˣɱʦšݵԪ״񣬿ȴμʦյĻǿⷬ
Ϊ֪Է书ȻԶԶԼ֮ϡһʱ嶯ԼؽѪ
Ȼ
ǲ
Ҳ
ˡ
Īﲻģ
֮ҡҡͷǴһ˿Ц⡣
Ц˽в֮ģ֮ͬ˽֮ʯĳ
֮ŭ
űӳͨϣȴҲ˿ϲɫ
ʯĳôڳֽΣ񲻸֮
û⵽һ㣬ʱԲ¿һۡ
Сڴ˵ļָЦš
Žż⣬شߴš
ۿȥֱûһǿֵģܹŲЦˣѾǺѵˡ
һɲǣԵ˽̵ֻ˽⡣
Σ֮Ȥ˵˵֮Աơ仰˵ͨ
ӵͽ
ǵҲǡ
̴
֮
ε˼顣
Ҳģ
š
֮һۣͷôһ۾Ϳģ
һۡ
ôǡ
ƾ˵ĵʶСһҲͲ³ˡ
˵վô
ǡ
ô˵Ҳؾˣ
ͷСҲϰ֮ˡ
֮ϴһѽ⡣
ɣ
ңʦɣͨ
֮صһͷ
ʵ˵һ˳۵ˣȻùˣƺΪ˷棬ԼΪơ
¶øС
֮ѣһšΪˡ
·
Ԥȥ
Ӽ䡣
Ŷ֮ϴһ˿ϲãɡ
ôҲҪϺӼȥ
ǽͬô
һ£ת
˫۶Կһ
ȻһЦкβɣ
˵תӣⲽ
֮һЦ
ȺΧýģ㣬㣬ˮйͨ
ǵ̤֮ʱǰ˾㶼ط˿
֮վӣЩȴȻ˫֮䣬ǸһʲôƵġ
ﰵһ
֣ôĹ򡣡
֮ϴһƬȻмְЦ˼Ѿ˹Ĺά
ӻȻٽǰڵˣ㶼ɼȥ
һʱ˷Уҳһ
ѲȺ⡣
վͨɽµʯϣɽ´ţ˳ǳ۷һɽӿš
ƷδһЩʱŻϨ
֮ǰںһ·ɽ²ȥ
;̲ͣסͷһۡ
һƳ
ᡢ˸еһƳ
˵ĸоʱȷ֡
һڿ㣬ȻʱδȴͻȻǱһַӦϾ֪ڿ㣡
Ȼָо
ĿⷽԻջصһɲָоġ
۹һתѾǸˡ
һûǸ˹Ȼڿ
һˣˡ
˵۾ע
һ۵˺һ绨Ů
˶ڶʲôƵǰأȻݷϣȷڿһ
ȻѾջ۹⣬ȻǵĿһ˵ĲƵ⡣
δǡ⡱ǡơȴǿ϶
ͶԺĿʱѾȺ
ȥʱǸŮԼһۣԶ϶һƳݵġﲨһתǡһƳ
һƳһɭֵĸо
ǵ̽ѯĿĺʱԷһһûȺ
Ϊ˾
ȻֻôҴҵһƳѴŵؼٶ˵
ҿţӡܹԼﱣܾúܾãֱһٿǰɫ
֮Ѿ˺Զ
ͣ±ߵһʯϣ̧ͷ
ڿʲô
ˡ
ſڴţ˵ȴʵ
ʲôˣ
ҲƵˡ
ô֪Ƕ㲻ƣ
۾صֻǵ۾֪ˡ
˲ǰС
֮һЦгң
Цһ
ܹ֮ϸĵȥһЦĻȻһ
ΪЦԵй¶еĵ⡣
֮Ȼһ㡣
ѧˣٲ˶мˣ֣Ҳ⣿
Ȼ
֮ͷ
ٶˣһʱĸв졣
һ¹䣬ʵʲô˶Լޡ
ȻҲ̫ʹ⣡ȫڶʦŻٻٵĴʹϡ
еʱ򣬳ϵ򶨡Ҳ򶨣ȫľˡ
ֱһȥ£ؽᱯߵΪ֮
ƺ׽ŪҲڿĶƫƫŹ֮һ·
СӹȻǸܳɴӣȻٴ֮ʣӦ˵õ
ӦԣȻ˿ʹ֮ɡ
෴֮ȻСӣһֵ֮˼
ţ֮Ȼͣס˽Ų
ɱħǴʮֵľġ
ּԷӺȻͣȻζʲô½Ҫˡ
ʱҲͣ½Ų
֮ǰӦһô
һʲô£
˵ʲôģ
һˣһŮ
֮ʱһ£Ǹ˿ֻһֻۣ
棬ô֪
֮ɫһ䣬΢΢һЦô˵˲ĳˡ
˭ģ
ҵĳˡһ£ȥȥ
˵ŰһҡƮ⡣
һҪʲô
Ҫǵ
˵꣬˼·ȥ
һݣˡ
ɱħֶΣѾʶˣԼһʱ죬ƽ׵ؽҪʹһһɥ֡
Լһ֮ʧ޿κΡ
ڹ֮֡
ɽ߰ǧɣǹ֮һȥһأǿ쵽˼㣬ǽ޵ĵѻصǰ
飬ʱûп˵
֮ɭɭЦЦǰߡ
̲סҵûУ
֮ҡҡͷȥһ
ô˵Ѿˣ
ߣӡ
֣ʶǣ
ֹʶ
ﶯһ£ν֪֪սʤȻöǰУҪ෽ȥ˽⡣
һνӵĳˣ
֮һӡÿգһ۾ʱ򣬹ڱվۣգ۾ʱȱҪöࡣ
һϰԵĴ塢ľګȴֻᣬԴ
һһģҪ˵ɱʦĴ޶ģǿϹʵʱ޿̣ģԱʱʱȻԷʩɱ֡
Ȼڳ֮ǰҪǣҪһԼ
ֱĿǰΪֹûгֵĻᣬҲûгֵţʼûг֡
֮صһ᷸ͨһִǾ顣
һ
֮һ㳤Լ㡣
͵Ŀ⣬עŹĽֻʹԼպĪ
µİܽ
㵱ʱûɱǡ
֮վסŵˣ
ʲô£
֮ˣסʶһˣ
˭
ס񱤵
һ
һֽܲʶ̫ˣʵʦƽη֮һʦԼ˵书֮ϡ
ںСʱ򣬹ǵһλǰһš̽ʦǰ÷龰
ʱ򹭸ǵԼļʦ֣˵ָʾ׷λ书
Ǹʱ򣬹һСǰ÷粢Ϊǿ֮ţֻڲμ֮ԶԶվһԡΣһֽ֣Ǿ֮
˿˹֮Ȼᵽ֣ʹسһ
һ£Ͻ͵ĴǾˣĪҲϵ˼ң
֮Цһ¡
Ѿܺˣǹȴܹؿϵ顣
ʶġһۣصô˳һϢˡ
ˣ
شͷ
Ųһ֪֮ҵϢҲǳʦ⣬ʹܵһϢ
˭µ֣޿ɰε¶ޱȵĳʹ
ģ

Ϊʲô
Ϊһɾĳߡ
Ҳѹ֣֮صһͷȷһˣʵԭԲġ
ô˵Լ
Ҳô˵
ʦһĪֺˡ
˭µ֣һ顣
֮һ£ƺڳڡ
ˣͲ˵Ƶġ
ڿЦһµҡ
ȫһʵӦò뵽𰸣أⲻ𾪡
ΪʲôҪ㶾֣
֮Ѿ˵ˣԼȷʵҲǴ˶
Цһ£⻰ô˵
֮ҧһ֪ʧңԭȡ϶ǿԳͷ
ɱ

̾Ϣһ
֮ɭɭһЦˣղһԭΪһ·ģڲ֪ǵġ
ЦղӦ֪ҺʵѲһ·ġ
Ϊʲô
ΪŻɱˣۻȡ֣ȴʼգΪšһš˱ڱкܴĲ𡣡
֮һ¡Űϣʱֳʮֹı顣
ԭһжˡ
֮ҿһڲԶ϶ⳡš
֮ͷպյЦš
ȻˣΪʲôһֱ˵ 







 

  
ߡƸ־ 

Ϊⲻҵ¡
̧֮ͷһСתһ£һֵˡ
۾תһ£̧ڶɦһ¡
һ벻Ƶġ
صЦЦͷһܿؾ˽㡣
Ҳϣһܿؾ˽㡣
һֵղŵĻ㻹û˵ꡣ
˵Ǹ۵˺ǸŮӣ
ǵġ
֮ˣһū︣һֶŮ
˵һЦǸŮһˣ
һĪ㲻Ķ֣
Ҫһˣ֮书棬Զǣǻ۷棬ƺһһ
һ
ʱɽϵĻȻѾСöˡ
ЩѾɽˡ
һЩ뿪ãֵһͷҵעӡ
վλãú͹ͬԹȻؿ
ҲȻؿ˹
˫Ŀһ֮£ʱһ
ĿһתʱԷȵ̬ϸϸ֫Ƕ۾ŸոտȻϴǸղǸƵŮҲڹ֮
һ˫ƺҪڹĿȻַƺе㺮⣬һ¡
̴ֺ׿첽ȥ
һβٵﲻɰԾŮӺôĵΣͼҪ֮д̡ԼһۿȻ֣֮֮һд̲Уɱ뵽ĺòΪǸŮңɱԼһۿһкؽ롣
Ϊ˶ൢЩʱʹöԷǸŮߵԶһ㣬Щ̸
ѣĿǱˡ
԰ͶͲǱˡ
ˡҺ棬ЩʵڲףҪһ¡
˺˼
֮գһ۾ϰԵֳֳմģ
ûпĻҺܲƣΪʲô
ʱһǣδֳһЦΪҼŻΪ̫ˡ
ҲԵ޹ʵطŻɱ˵ġ
Ҫĵط
ﲻ˵ĵطߣҸط̸̸ȥ
š뻢ѨɵûӡģҲӲͷã룡
ջһ綹
ڹ˵е㡰黢ͬߡĸо
һɱ˹ħͬһʱΣա
ȴ̩֮Ȼ
Ҳ˽⵽ǾԣΣյĵطȫĵط
ԭڱ˶֮Ωֲ֮£ͦ
֮۾ÿգ۾ʱ򣬶һ֡۾Ĵ
빭һŰ
˶һ˫ڽϡ
еİһյƣоҡҷȻͬ
ϻһЩƲˣѱǽ塣
ھһʱڵġߡ֮󣬲ſʼ˵һʳ
һ͵ʳȴسԾ
һ£Էˣһһ棬ʮţӣһߺƣ
ƺĻôʳӦʳ
ȻЩȴԷһ˵θ
߼ѧе㲻
ǣôʳװڶԷһ˵θȥһҲۣθĲ֣ҲԵͻ
˺ܾõʱ򣬶ĵϣЩʳﵽȥˣ
֮ȻǳԱˡ
һᣬȥ¸߼ˡ
ˣ㷹±Ȼܸߵģ
ȴʮֵؾˡ棬оʮֵľˡ
ڵıˣȴ޷⡣
ֱˡߣȴҪװһЦų̸Ц
ġ
ˡ
һš۲֮ǰһöӣȻǻ۶ߡ
ÿһ뵽ƴʹԼԼҪĴ١
ǵģҵġ
һеˣһˣҪһȼǡ֮бŵɱ˾ͱɱ
ôҵɱˣ
˭˵Ǻɱˣ
֮ڣɱɱ˸̨ŴСʮһֵաһšɱˡһšڴС⻹ɱ𣿡
ѡһš˵ɡСʾϵˡ
һȻö˼
֮ЦһŽûдС
ɣֺݶ֣
Ϊг𡣡
һšг𣿡
ֹһˡ
˵
˵£ٰϵˣг𡣡
⻰ô˵
֮صһжɣ
ͷһ£˵ģжʮҡ
ˡ
ֳ֮·
գһƤôҸ㣬ʮһг𡣡
ﶯһ£ɫ䣺˵Уʮһг𣿡
纣
ôԤôԸǣ
ôԸ֮ϴһЦݣҵ飡ҿԸ㣬һԺ󣬽ֻʮˡ
˵
˵ʮһѾٴˡ
㲻ô
Ϊʲô
ΪһˣԲȫµԡ
ҾͿԡ
˵ʱһЦݣʮһɵˣҪʮһֲַ֮ͬ¡ʮһʽַҲδʧַ
һٺһЦ
㲻ţ
ҲǲţΪôһĵ˾Ͳֻʮһɣȫˡ
˵꣬վӵԲȥ͸͸һ¡
ţԺ
ϡĺҹڴ
һ֪һ¼ֻǰͺͶԷദ
ſе亮£еذϲԣ
ۣޱȵΪħɣ
뵽ʦ顢ϣ
۾ʪˡ
ԶԶظֽŹֱ֮Ӱһѹš
֪ڸʲô
˵һУ׽
ҴҵéޣСһأ
ջСٷһµĵطһԺӡ
ԺԺ֮䣬һƬԣһ°ǽ
סĵطһԺ䡪£֪ǲ
ǰأʵʼϷǼԴʵһ⡣
Ųţ뵽ڶԺ
ӷһ̤ԺǰӰһһӰԼϮ
һӭ
ƷһĵһʹһɭɭĽ⣬ıϡ
˵һ书λ֮⣬ȴҲ൱˵ãʲô˿Խġ
ô˵֣Ȼʮ˵ˡ
Ϊܽ迴֮㣬һ˹ĺϡ
ۣһʱס
ʱſԼϮ֮ˣȻǽǸˡ
ô˵ǸԽⶥŹϵˣȻǸŮˡ
һ㹭ҪͿȷ
αˣл˵ĳ֮ˡ
ڣڱǿڽȻһɣǰӰһΣһòĹվǰ
˭һȻơ
㲻ʶ£µʶ
Ůʱɫһ¡
ǰǸȴЦСӣҼСл㣬úõػشһֲʵֻҹͳԺӡ
Цһ˵Ŀū︣
˶ʱһôϵͣ㵽˭
ͷһۣЦ˴˵طһ̸Σ
︣һС㣬СӹͷԣȴҪһ
ЦЦδ˵
ǰλһ˫β˫ڹɨһµͷ⻰Ҳʵڣ
˵꽿һӳѰ⡣
æϡ
︣
һſͷǰ棬︣ͷֿһۣȷ֮󣬲ǰƿһŽ롣
ֵ룡
ȻҲթ
︣漴ϡ
ŷȼյƣһƬֻ⿴ȴһƬڣԭȴϣһޱ
ڵĹ⣬й
䷿ӴСҲ֮ͬסһ٣ʽҲ·
һķİ̯һֽֽϻԼ⹴ԲȦһ·ͼƵʲôն
︣صӣһæǰȥʰϵֽ
ȴֹ岻˴Ųˣ
︣һ£ֻۣŹС㣬ǧע⣬Сһ֪Ǻö
һ˼˵û£ֻ˼ֻ۾Ҳס
︣ͺһСӣ
һ࣬ѵ˹ߣһ£һȭŹֱ˹ȥ
һȭȭʮ֣ǹᶥ︣꣬ʩչʮֵ֡
Σѷдһ֡
ֻͷһΣֻֽһӭѰֻ︣׳ĸ첲ץϡ
︣һ֮£
һֻ֣ȡһѾҼͷϡ
ֻϰѨ֣һ䣬ֻ︣һ飬ʱá
ǰӰһλµĹǰһ򹭸ȥ
һ֣棬ʵȴǴѧʡ
һ䣬ֻһɼǱλȻʩչ֮ˡַ
ֻ˪֣֬ҲʩչѨ֡
ȻᱻһѨΪȴѼ︣
һԾ⣬ͬʱҲɿס︣Ѩֻ֡
︣һĵأȻЩ߳ŭֻһͦԵϷԾ
Сӡ
ӷҪȥȴס
︣ŭС㣬Сӡ
︣
︣λֶС㣬е㺦£ôһ߳ʱ
ǿû޷޵һߣٿ
ȭ˵ǰǰλ书˵ãһȻ鴫
ЦȻôɼˡ
ȻҪûģֻչѶԹˡ
⻰ô˵
Īǲ֪·ʱѾ˹٣װΪˣȴҲһ˫۾
һ죬һ

лл
ֵģһ
λһ͵͵˫ڰ׷Ӵ
ע⵽ͷϴһɫİ׻һŵϤλǰȻѾˣԷԼ޶żͬˡ
̾Ϣһͷ
ʱ̧ͷŶŵǡһšĵӣ
ﲻһס
Կǡһšˣ
񡣡
ҵ
ղڻ𳡵￴ġ
Цһ£޻˵
ü΢ô㵽˭
ԭѱĿʾˣһдԷ߱˴ͬ飬Ҳ
µòǡһšӡ
Ŷ
ŶһĿʱֳһƬοͬʱҲһЩҲ⡣
ôǰ
ҵʦ
˼ҡĪǡ
ʦڽʱݾ塣ǰҲͬʱڷ
ǡ
¹
ǹ
֪¼
ͷ˵ģ۾һ۵֣һ书ǸҴ֮գ˵һšڣֻйһĵӡ
˵һߵ︣ɤӴЦһ
ЦһصҼӢһһοǿҪãչСӣô͵ϵΪѵˣֻ»ӹײ
һۣ΢΢һЦ硣
Уһ˫۾
Դһۿ֪ԷǸ׿Ȼ֮ʿȻ︣˵Ƿġ
ôز¶Сģŵˡ
ֿ֪һšһѻԼʦһ˵˭µĶ֣
Ȼ֪
˭
һӵһ·ͬУ˿ͬҶӵλѡ
һԵ︣СӣȻ֪ΪʲôҪô
︣ڹ񡣡
︣ʱһ̾һǡС㣬ūһʱ
֪ʲôôǺĵģӦ֪뻢Ѩɵûӡ仰ǴǴ£һƥƥԱġ
һЦ̫佱
︣ôһᣬƺͻȻ׹һ£Żǰ
ֻۼҪڹϵҼС˵ģģ
ȻһЦ壬ȥɡ
︣˫ϥصūпģ
˵꣬ͨͨһͷ
һæһߣ˳ְɵϷ
壬̫ҵˣ
︣վεصȻˣǻᣬ˯ʱɱΪҼʦѩޡ
Цһ£΢΢ҡһͷѣ
ô
һЦչһ书ֱиɻƽĸ֡
Īǲ˯
һ㻹д֤ʵ
Ȼ̾һҡҡͷʹ˯Ҳѡ
üһôߵͣ
似ȻҶ˵ҪѹǣƺһĹ򡣡
һ£쳣ŵ︣λһҲ֪ڹνӦȦһ˵ʰɡ
︣һͷ˵
˵ǰϲֹĸˣǲǣ
ͷ˵òʦŹֻǱȴ̫Զˡ
ô֪
˷ǵɻǱһʹ֮Ƴ⣬֮䡣
ģ
ĪǷڻûпֹʩ֮£ʹѰ֮ڣܽ˵ز˵ǾѼ
̾һô˵˵Ĵ˵Ҳˡ
ʲô˵
㻹֪
ҡͷʾ֪
涼˵һλ
˭
һЦչġ
ΪʲôҪǶ
Ǵ˵ɱġ
͵֪һ˵һ顣
һµô˵
̾һЩģ˱ͨʬ⡢ٹ֮ƽδŵĹˡ
һʱ䣬Գ޵ɺشͷ
Ц򲻿٣ͨ쳹صı£ҲҪģ
Ȼͷ˵ǡҹԶ˼Ȼ˲֮ɾѱˡ
ҧһݣ޺޵صߵߣҲŹ
˵Ȼһµ֪һΪΣ
Ȼ˵ҪȥӼ䡣
Ӽ䡭
ţ
︣ȻڵӼ䡮š
һô˵Ҫȥҹź£ǰˣ
˵λС֮ƵĹǰ
һ£ͷһϿӼȥ֪һһ׼
ͷã֪
һЦźǰһʦ˵ڼʡһָһչĿˣн䱸Ӧϣչӿȥ
¶ϲɫãʱ䲻磬Ҳûȥˡ
Ҫǡ
˵걧ȭĿȥ
͵ǰʱȴ︣һ˿ϵĵƷ
˯һ磬·ȥӼ䡣
︣Ӧһվⲽ
ǿ䣬ҪſһɲǣȴֻعͷҴ
ʲô
һذס
һʲô
︣һЦ˵СȴûһֵıУһںýǰذ׽ãûʲôԡ
ͷðɣ
˵գתóǰһصذס
︣ӹٺһЦѶҾ׳ˡ
˵Ƕ
Ϸţһһ¡
죬Ŵ󲮸һͱľˡ
˵ļʱ򣬳СĿˡķӦﳣһƬհףǡᡱĸо
̾˿Ϩ˵Ͽ
صջ֮һ˫۾
˺ܹ֣ȷǵҡַǷŵġʵ޲ͬȴصĹλͬѣǰ֮Ͼ𡢵Ž޵˴졣
ֻһֻż⣬׵أȴһֻţֱֱƽȥ
̬Ȼûϰճжѱƽⲻ
Ȼǰ֮ȴǴѰ
Ȼһƽˮ˿
ҲڹоһмңĿù̬֮֮ⷬ󣬲һƬ⡣
Ϊ֮Σһּϳ˵ڹϢ൱ڹСԪľ硣
վסû
һʱĺȻǱһƬɱһͷҲƵɱ
Ȼᵤɵһɾע֮ϡ
ʱ˿ֻҪһƻǧ֮
ȻԵִ֮ϵһɲǣͻȻһɺ⡣
ȻǵһƲУһƲ֮ĺ
ͷʱ綵ͷµһˮʹȻһ
ͷһǷԵǹҲʧ֮䡣
ڶٹĵڵϵĹ֮³һſӡ
ʱҲһ˲Ϊ֮ʧ
֮վǰʱƺһվ
ޣ˶ã
һˡ
˵仰ޱȵİɥһԲ߽֪ԼһʱѾɥʧ˸
㷽򣿡
λ
ҡҡͷ
㵱Ȼ
֮һ˵һ죬ĹܹﵽʱͶˡ
һЦԾΪҵĹ㣿
Ϊ㱾Ͳҡ
һ£ֵŵĻԿ
˵ã
ڣһֻѵƳ
һ˵Ҳɣ˵Ǵǡ
һ͸ŴĲ
ȻƷ磬һնµĸֱֵŹ֮֮
ۿŶԷ壬֮£һһҲǲƵػ˰죬ͦ
ϴһĨЦݣû˶һģ
סһ
˵ǱģɳûַԣԷֻܶǱԹһЦꡣ
Լ£ǿ⡣
뵽ٺһЦֵǺùٿ
һϲѰ۵˹֮ǰ˫һ˫ײƵĹԷơ
гעüΪ棬һƴԷӣŵй
ƷƹСơ
ֹ൱ͣ˫֮£ǧ֮
ʵ㹦ڶԷ֮ϣܹͦܵס
ȣȣ
зһϲһԵ³⵱ڶȻɶԷϷһɱ
ӱһ빭ϣʱʹȫһ
һ󼫴ʹùǰһ£ͬʯģŶԷ˹ȥ
ڹмĸףһԣæ֣áǧ׹һһ͵һѰ⡣ӷվʱǰӰһ֮ٽǰ
һˣԷһֻѾͷ֮ϡ
Ȼһӷ˫ϥһϡ
֮һᣬƮУһЦΣɷˣ
һ죬ȭ
֮ѱ֮ԼͬˮףЩؼȻұһ֮УԷˣԵֵ
ⷬδ̫ˡ
Ȼ֮˵̬ʾ˵ 







 

  
ˡ 

֮ؽȥղоֱҵԱеļ֮ݼӢֺܣһѵֵġ
˵ʱֻһ궯ſ
Ȼ;˫֮ڣɢһƬڵİ
̳ʱһƬŹ֮ζ˫֣ԽԽࡣ
䣬ΪƬãã
Щӣ¶ʱΪ֮½
һĹùɫ࣬ȫ·ȫΪ򣬾ϵѪҲһ㡣
ۿǹıأɶԷʮָɢѣӵ½
ȫҡһ¡
ǿƽҲܹĺʣڵԪ֮ȫ
⵱ù֮һЦ֮ݼǱѰǰֻʩչһĹȫ˱ƶѣֻµ͵öһˣ
Ҳò˹ֵֻʩչʶһ°ˡ
һ䣬ֻһ
쬡һ
ҰʱΪһɫˮȫ˹֮ڡ
ʱֻظԭе¡
һ鲻ԽֳһƬɪĿЦ
֮ɭɭص֮컯ӣֻǺֱ
۾ϰԵգһ¡
ִֻ궯һ£ſһ֡
һŻģش궯˫ԽԽ˲Ϣ䣬γһſ˵һ
֮һЦǳ䣮̫Ĺܣ
˵ʱźһȾһƬʡ
Ź֮˫صش궯źɫĻ⣬һöƵģɢĿĹ⣬̵˫ƣԱӡ
ڶʱֳޱȡ
ԭȱӣһʱ٣һʱ亹¡
ٿԷöСĹ⣬ӳù֮ȫԳֱ࣬һһ㡣
ۿڸѲ͸£ɢһӻ𿾵ĸϢƺſ֮ſ죬һ
쬡һ
һģŴʱΪһϤڸ֮ڡ
ǿôĿġ
֮컯֮ˣֻϧһˣֻڷȴЩ˵Ķˡ
һ仰Ҳû˵
ƽĶۣǱźͿˡ
ô󣬲Ҫ˵Ҳû˵Ȼۼˡ
֮ɭɭصֻؼɵĹºе֣ʱнΨҶˡ
һлܶ£
Ҫδʵ֤
һЦҸҶԣһУ㽫Ⱦֿ׵ĵλ
仰ȻΪ֮
仰Ų԰סͬտӭչһչ˿
ǷչЦƵһͻȻһӰǺȻʲôµƵһӴסˡ
ϸĹ۲ĹϾͻȻ仯ϣ˶ߡ
̽ŵûκһǹֵĶ֡
֮Ȼҡһͷ
ôֲΪȻ
֮治Сˣɽɽ󣬵ζԺҲҸ˵仰ǽ졭Ҳ
ҡһͷȻ˵ȥ
ߵԱߣһˮ׸ɱ
һֱع۲
ɹ̬֮ֵһʵ
Ǿǹ֮Ҳ塣
Щʲô
ˣ£ǡ
һ̹˹
ҪٸףѶԷһܷȻ֢ҩ
һԼյԷµĶô̾Ͳͬˡ
֮һˮĿעŹȥӼж·
˵ԶܵʮĽų̡
⡭̫ˣ֮ϵ
һ幭Ѻʤˡ
Ϊ뵽ԷһԤĽų̴һۿۣ˵ʱͿʣѱĽų˵Ϊʮ졣
ôֻҪЩСһԶ·ˡ
ôԭ򣬵ȻΪʹܹǰ档һ֪ͨš˹ź¡Աнϴݵʱ䣬ֶԸ
ԭ׷ǰĻ⣬µǸ׷ʳ
ǣתһ룬ƺ̫Լһ㣬ܿԷġ
վǵҹˣҪ˯ȥˡ
֮ͷһ磬һ㡣
ȻɵͬҶߡ
ΪЯűŵĹؼЩһСģʱᱩ¶ڶԷǰɱ
֮ƺǶˡ
öԺƽҹǲ˯ġʲôЩҲΪ֪
ҹĺ磬ߵŴֽ
һӰӵڶԺѸٵԾԺ
һ˶סǼ䷿Ӵǰ
һ亮¡
︣
Ե쳣Ľ뼤
ƵƵֻۣעŵա
һƬơ
Ƭƻƶţֱڹ
︣ɵزֽ
ƹ¹֡
︣Ѿ˷ڡ
ͼƺѲ֪ɱ֮
ʵǺܴһðա
︣Ĵ㡣
ȼһյƣӰܰ
︣ڴϣһֻһֻ⡣
ǿڲ濴õذףȴҧ֮䡣
ðɱ˵ŭֻһתѿǸˡ֮
︣ģ֮û˯ڴϡ
ͷ½ϣڽǽŵš
︣Ŀһסŵõһ
Ƴﻢܾܲʹ˶ˡ
һ쬡һѰǿھذ˳ȥ
һذ׻һ׺⣬ֱǽǹ֮ȥ
︣ҲΪԼ·
ذһ֣һ㣬ٿԺȥ
˵ɵһ־︣ȷһѺ֣һŹʮĹƽûµʱҲϲһڵϰ
ԷɵйϵӣҲնʵ
һ׼֮ĺģ;ƫһһ
ɵ֣
︣µӣν졣
Ҳ̫һ㣬쵽еΣеʱĽ
ǵǽֱһûС
е󣬱ȻᵹȥôȥҲһ
ֵǣһҲûĬĬתĵ룺ô£
С˰ɣ
Ҳһõ̫ˣڰӶǽϣûе
ƺܽ
︣ʱһ˿ϲ
תٴεǰƽ
ӷתһ˲䣬۽һ˲ƺʲô
Ͽذת
һվǰ
һ︣ʱʹȫһ£ֻžǺȻһ麸˵ϣʱá
ǰ˲Ǳˡ
֮
ôûеôģ
︣һʱ벻ͨˡ
֮ǿλεذףϴűĵ΢Ц
ͷɱң
ҡҡ
˵ڶҡʱ︣͵صֻٿ֮ϲȥ
֪
︣ΪԼɱ֮
˫Ȼزڹ֮֮ϣǹ֮δܺ
ܺľ︣
ֻáꡱһǽ֮
︣ʹúһʮָȫ۶ϣ쵹µһɲǣ֮һֻ֮ϡ
︣һҲûг͵ˡ
֮ЦһǰһƬֻص˷ڡ
ȴֹˡ
ڡ
ֻ֮ƣƷϵյϨ
ĵذѴһ죬š
Ϊػ˳֡
Ȼȴʧˡ
ûһ
ʬȻֱֱڵϡ
Ժǽһǣӣˮᡣ
ֻԶԶעţ²˿ƶһ
︣ʱʵ︣Ѻ͹֣֮ԷǾ֮ͣ︣Ѻʬ͵ء
߽ȥ︣ʬ壬ԭģΪѾµǹ֮µһ
ֻԶԶעʾ˸ߵ°
ڶ磬ջһɧ
︣ʬǵĲ²顣
ջ뵽ͬͶ޵濣ǵҵסʱλѲɡ
һź
ϵָʾΪһڹײģٲ˾˵ϵĹˡ
첻̫ƽʵ
̨ڵϤǹֿ͡ǣʱٸز졣
һʾ֪֮ŵɫ԰ףֻհ참ӵĲһ
һôػ˹ȥ
֪֪︣ҲԼǣرԺᡣ
죬
ʬԱվյʱ䡣
֮ȻҲԹ֮һ
Թ۵˺ܶࡣ
۾עŵϵˡ
֮۾ȴרעˡ
Ȼڴ濵ĳ֣ʧˡ
ΪʼգѹͲǸӰӡ
Ա˴Ϣλڽĸ뿪ˡ
ʱһɡ
Ȼ󲻼򵥣棬ʤ˹֮࣡
֮˵ʧ
һЦʹϵã
·ϵǸˡ
ˣ︣
΢΢һЦô˵µ֣
˵أ
Ȼ㡣
֮Цһȷҡ
Ȼһ̾¾Ȼֱˡ
˼ǡ
˵Բ


Ǳ𡣡
ֳԹԵ쳣Ҳ쳣ᡣ
ȻıһɫƽصκֻҪһմ֣ʧȥǣҲ⡣
֮ЦһΪ
ҵȷͬ
Ϊʲô
ΪΪԼΪ˸𡣡
Σ
֤һ͡
̾һֽȥ˵£ĲţѾˣ
֪֮ΪΪΪ
ɱһΪеˣٵΪ
˵ʲô
֮һ˫ӣȻȽ
Цһ֣һ仰ҪȰ㡣
˵
书µһĸַһɲòǵ˵Ե
һ£֮ͷ˵
ҡһͷ㣬ô濹ǵһĸ֣
㲻ϡ
ϣ֮ǻۺܸߣ书Ȼһ㣬ǣĸܺãʱգȻҵһУ
ôã
㻹︣ˣʬ׶ΪգǴ
ܲףȴװ֪Ϊʲô
ٺ٣ܼ򵥣ΪֻҪһͻᱻҷ֣ؽ¡
һ£ľګصһŮӣܹôʶ壬ȷ׶
ôΪ
֮һЦһûڰеĺ꣬ʱһ˳Ϯ
㺦ˣ
Ҳκˡ
תͷ˵ûһĶ֡
֮ҪͷȻǴʲôҡһͷûô˵
Цһ¡
ô˵»书߹㣿
Ȼ
˭
һʦ޼ɡ
أ
һǡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿ֪𸴣𸴶̫Ҫˡ
Ȼ֮ȴЦһ¡
ôӣͷꡱЦţȴеܷѽ⡣
֪ǲǣ
Ϊҵȷ֪ϻʲô˵书ܹ㡣
ôҿȷظ㣬ʦ⣬һˡ
Ҳš
ȻƳΪһòķʽɲ
ˣ֮Եú
֪ʲôʱֳʬ̧ߣҲɢˣȴȻվڵأδƶ
ˡʹܹʤңҲ̫࣬Ҳһʤҡ
ΪʲôҪ˵
Ϊǰν֣ʮǰˣһˡʮĽ죬ҹ˵Ѿҵĵˣ
Ҳ˭
Ϊһ㣬Ǿʹˡ
һ£һ޹ʹЦЦ
֮Ҷӡ󲻶񣬵˵ҵѡʱգ̸ʱٸɣ
ЦЦû˵
֮ǿˡ
ȻˣҾȻˣȥӼ䣬·;ңԶô߷
Ҳ֪㲻Ǻô
ǺЦһ£˵һվȥƽҴˣ˵ǣˣ·ֻίһë¿ˡ
֮ͷҲá
ƥСë¿ɽš
Ƭɽشһ޼ʵĴƽԭ
ȺոԺɿݵĺš
ǻҳģý
ƽԭϼһˣ˶㵽Ͱéȥˡ
ֻƺɫҰòʱںţܳǸȥ
֮¿ϣɮ붨Ҳһ¡
Сë¿ǰأŽ˹ٵ
νٵʵС·Ҳò˶٣ǿһ㣬·΢ƽһѡ
·ֵ
ãﶼһ㸴յ˼ûеʱ򣬡Ѿչ̬ͺ֦Ķϣ³̵һ֮⡣
ıȱҪ䡣
¿ϵĴ壬ôһףţһֻ룬һϣȴһֳٵĻɫʧ
ıͲʣôٿˡ
ó̵·ϣһֱڹ֮Ӻ棬ǿڽͱڱϣһ̧־ͿŽӣγ׾١
Ҳûлᡣ
ֻҡ
ÿһζʱǿԼĳ嶯Լ
ǣһһεĻɥʧˡ
һƥɫĿɹٵ󷽼˹ҲƵȥ
ϿͣһѮңƤƤñ׳š
̫죬ֻһӰܺ׳ӣƤøƮؿһϹϴСǴ
ƥڹע֮£ǾһƳһʱѱ֮⡣
һ֪ʲô·ȴһꥳ
һ˫ԯĴ񳵣һͷҶñ趯֮£۵糸ɺ
ͷСë¿Զڵͣ
쳣ٶһ·۶ǰٵƳ
һɫĴɴʣɢգþòɢ
ֻǾһƳȴע⵽񳵵Ĵ㶼ӣԿĶЩʲôˡ
ӹȥ˺ܾá
ǰĹ֮۾
żľګ·ȥͶϵܣɿˣ
һʲô
ϡšˣ׺ǡ
ţ
һ˵šĸڼֵܣ
ˡ
Ǹ϶ϲûǣ
ôûУ֮ϣһƬЦͷǸ˾Ǹ
ǹ

һֵصʹǹǰеߣȴõһǴԲԣ㿴ˡ
֮ٺһЦͿǼٺͿ˭֪ǹУ
ǡô˵㿴ˣ
ǹǲϣֳ´멣ԲΪֻҵ۾ȴβס
šĸֵܣ˳ơǹأ˳ơ˫ַ󡱣ֵܶ˸Уһ书
ѵõֵܶ˺һ֡ڼһȭһʩչ糤ӣ˵Ͳһƥ
ֵܵҲôġ
˿էȻֵܶ˵֣ϲ
ǵ¸ֵʧ֮ڴ⣬֪֮ڳԿϵƽʧ
ϲ˵ֵбֵ֣ɸ֮һ
֮Ѿоһսˡ
ݣڼзܾܿͱԷΪˣòš
֮µ̬ǲŲʣͷ֮漴Ŀԡ
ʼ֮һµµĵطǴԶģһ׼ġ滢
ͷСë¿ų̼ӿˣॵš
ôĴƽԭϣܴüȥ
ԼаʱǰһƬӣһéᡣ
ǰһƬ
ˮƻƵģһȺѼȽţڳˮ
ųͷׯںӣվڳر߿š
éᣬס˵ũңǻ֡
Сë¿Զܵ˳رȥˮ
ׯںڨ
֮һһȭλȥ
Цȥƽϸ磬Ҫ߶ʱ򣿡
˺ٺЦˣˡ
һȴб۾͵͵ش֮
ׯںӲׯںӡ
һȻŴֲѣϴٵúƽһׯ㡣
ڶȻÿ˶ųͷǸֽ϶ܸɾǳͷ˿մ
˲ׯںֱ³һɶ˵쿴

ͷһԺ֮ġ
һΪεĳ档
ϲڡ¡
ΪԸ֮һͷ
ȻܾԷڲ£͹˹֮ʵ
ϣڡšⷽģ޶֮ĳ̶ȣʵҲԶڡš֮ϡ
ֻһ¼Ϊˣºͳ嶯
Ȼðׯںӿܵͼ֮ĲΪ֮ġ
Ϊ˽֮Ĳ֣ŻΪ˵ġ
֮ʹ棬Ҳһܱġ
֮󣬹治ϣﶺȥ
ӱȭЦλм¸Ӽ䣬ൢˡ
һҪȥӼ䣬ʱɫһ˴˶Կһۡ
пߵǸһЦȭϸգģ
Ц֣أ
˹һЦҰ򣬻ʲôֺţҽţкɽЦ
Ц
ǸкɽҲٺٵЦ
ͷСë¿ڵͷˮ
¿ϵĹ֮ʼȴҲûпһۣǵˣ۾Ҳ
һ·Ѿе룬˯ӡ
Գţͺɽ˱˴˻һۡ
һ۾򵥡
һæһ
ʾֻҪ֮һ裬ע⵽ػҡʾ
ֻϧ˶Ŀ죡˭Ҳ࿴һۡ
Сë¿Ѿˮͷ̧¿ϵĹ֮һɮ붨۾Ҳһ¡
һɲǣǸţׯںӶغһţֱ¿˹ȥ
һŵԲ
ϸڵ¿ȣǳܲסţһţƱػţһеĵȻǰһ㣬ôܺĵȻ¿ϵĹ֮
Ҳ֪֮⻹⣬Ȼֻ֣¿һơ
֪ͷСë¿⻹⡣
֮ţǰĽţȻһա
ʱ侹Ȼϵǰɡ
ţһŸո߹ȥСë¿̧һ߿£ţȻȻǰ壬˸ġ
¿ϵĹ֮ǡǡʱ۾Ȼ̽ȥӡ
⵱Ǹкɽڲ෽˳ͷͷǶֱŹ֮ȥ
һ
ͷʵˡ
Ȼ֮û¿ϵ
ţ
ëȻڹ֮һɲǡ
һɲǣ֮һְֻݵƣţ
ְ֮γһ˲һѪҲƵش˳ţһǰŵ
ǰǳ
ͨһˮĽ
ţµڻˮＱٵش˼ʱˮ˺ˮӾͲˡ
ɱ˵ַԼ˵ǴĿѼ
˵飬ַˡ
ɽôһͷ˹֮ϣһѴʯҲᱻΪ顣ȻǰĹ֮û˶һ㡣
ֻáһ
Ǳͷһӵϸߣúɽ۷顣
˿̺ɽδɣֻϣŻҪȡʤһ˳ͷ֮ɨȥ
֮ȻᱻС
ֻһ̧˫ۣۡһץס˳ͷӡպĺƺһֻֻץųһšꡱһһΪ
ɽ֪Ǻ룬һ㣬쬡һ˳ȥ
ӲأһѾƵسϷ˹
ȡһ˸š
ǺɽԿûй֮ӲһʱԴ
ɵǺɽµӣҲͬţһ㣬ͨһڳˮ֮ڣһʱˮĽ
ˮһֶһʬס
˲һĵȻ˫˫ڳˮ֮ڣٿɱ˵֣Ȼһ˹ĵСë¿ϣŲ԰׵ϣһ˿Ц
ɣϵܡ
˵¿ȿ¡
һ˫֣¿һƵȥ
ͷСë¿Ǹʹһ߶һߡ 







 

  
šӰ庮 

һʲô
֮ߡһϾҪкϷˡ
ʵγطɱ
ֻղѻţͺɽĳֲߣΪǵ˵ġ
̾Ϣһ˴޳Թα´˶֣֣߰ɣ
֮˫۾ʱҲٱˣüɭɭĿ⣬Ϊһתƺмء
¿
ðִҰ֣˴ˡֻ˰ɣ
֮ҡҡͷ˵Թ޳ҲͲˡ
˵ʱһתšȫˡ
һͷګګֵҲãʡԺٷ¡
дΪţô֪ȫˣ
֮ǰ˼˫Ȼǰƺȫעһ£ͷϲʮҡ
˵תͷ򹭸һЦûϵ㲻ز֡
һЦ㵥գҼһϵģ빲
֮һ£˼
Լǽ벻ˡ
ºԥصȻˡ
˵ʱѷְѲһڳ˳
֮ͷ翴صнȻ
õʲôУ
֮ƾ⼸ˣֵñУһ֣ſɣ
˵˫ӶעƬ֡
쬣쬣쬣쬣
ɫɫӰֻĻشܳ
֮˿ҲԵûæ
ĸ˸ȡһǣͬʱءֳĸᾡĺӡ
֮һҲ֮ǸˣǸղŷƤ멵ǸѮ׳š
ֻǴ˿ϮƤѾ£¶ŵһϮɫ¿
֮ĻȻһԽϵϵǴ⣬ұϻһ˸ġǹ
һ۵С
ȥ̣߳߳һֱӶġ
ǽһְֻĹףץͷ֮ϡ
ʮҵ꣬һϣŷƵһȦӣðž⣬һ֪ڹ֮ˡ
⣬˿ȥҲǷʿ
һѮĻ°
һʮµĳꡣ
һȴסֻϸһͭİ׷Ϻ
ǸѮĻ°бһԻ˫
⼸˿ƺһͣ
ǰǸˣǸֱ˫Ļɫ
ĸһѰڳ˾ưոݵĵ⡣
ʬէָ
ѼȺѪˮ
ǰһƬɱ
ƺ˭ûȿ˵˼
ãǸš֮Ѯ׳Цˡ
һ˫ͫգҲգضŹ֮ѾˣǶǲǣ
֮ǡǹ
׳Ŷʱɫһ䡣
ô˵ʶĳˣ
ʶˣһ
˵
ŭ͹飬һ
˵ôɱĺڣ
ûʲôġ
֮ϲ㳲ŭҪݷõѣЩϸ֮ˡ
΢΢һֵø˵Ҳ⡣
ҹ˿˵Щʲô
ҧҧֵϡšºԼϦ֮ᣬ£
֮ĵһ̾ϢֻϧȴǵȲ
٣ϵܣҪĹˡ
һڸ첲ϵǱǹһӶ˿
һУڸϣӲģ˿̿ȥһӲӲһֵĹαС
ְĹףѾָ˶Էϡ
Сӣһֵ¼Ӯ
֮ҡҡͷ㻹䡣
һ죬š
ĮӸĳ˵Ĺ򣿡
һš񱤵Ź򲻱ոڵĲɣ
ʱɫһ䡣
ҧСӣϸȻҲˡ
Ƕһ˫µġҲ⡣
һС
ǹһһ죬ҷʱȣȣȣһ죬㺮ǡ
⡰ǹžôģܹһеͬʱб߿źǡ
߿Ҳʹʽɱ֣
ܹһڹʽɱֵ˱Ͼ࣬ԸҲ͵
ʱıϱ㺮ǣҲ֤һʽɱ֡
ʽӣһȡüģһʺһѡ
һʽ֣һ
һҲò֡
֮й˵漼ڶԷǹϮһɲǣһֻȥ˿ҲֺȻ̧
ٶ֮켸ȥԷǹͬʱһ¡
졣
ǹÿÿ죡һ˦Ÿ˹
һνмһ֣֪ûСֻ֮ʩչһָ֮ȻԼĸֹ˻ǴеǰԴ֮ġ
ǹһ˸硱Ʈ߳⡣
СǹġһѲڸ첲ϣֱ²š
ֲһӷϣɲǼǴǴࡣ
ܵ˶óȻʢŭ֮ʩˡ
ۿŸǹһʱעȫǸ·ȴܺؿ֮ŭв
ת˲䣬Ǵࡣ
֮ɭɭЦһ϶ոڵıȻӦЩͣܳ򣬲
΢΢һ٣ǳǳЦһһ㣬ֻ߳ɻ򡣡
ٺЦܺãȻʶøĳҵҪʲô˲ܹͣӿĳǹ
֮ͷոڵѿ˺ڣչҲ˵󻰡
˵ƽǰϵ縶̷ص
֮ڣҪǹȡУ֮Ҳȥʱ򡣡
δ˵̫һ㡣
ô˸˵ֻˣǸӣн
ǹпб۾Ƕ
Ҳûܹܵˡ

һЦ֮Ŀһɨ˵ǿˣĳڽ˵Ҳʮˣôǵһǰ˵ôĻϹۣ֡
˵Щʱɫ÷ࡣ
ٺһЦְ۾ת֮չģɷһԼȳ׷˵˻ɲܲ
ҵ˵
˵һô˵֮ڣҪҵǹȡ
Ҳо͹ˡ
ۣȫ÷ЦкˣҪԺҵǹҵϣô죿
ǲܵġ
˵ܣ˵ɣ֮ǹ˵ô죿
֮һЦǴĵģŵӣ˵ôأҾһ仰
˵ģ
˵ġ
ǿˣ
۾رŹЦһλգ

ãСϵܣһߣ⻰ˣҪ֮չûаҸϵǹҪСһǧ͸
֮һЦҪ֮ڰѹӶ˹ָΣ
һ£㲻Ѿ˵ô֮ȡҾ͵ľˡ
֮ЦȻĲ㹫ƽ˵Ϊ·һ
գһͫӣ̵ص
ǰһս
߶ˣѵһĸֳ֣ˣ㶼һƬ⡣
ڡšһ˵Ƕһ书š
Ȼ˵֮˵ƣԼսԽݣɱ˵ľ𺳸ʹ֮ӣ˵֮ڣܰıСǹУʵš
ÿ˶ţһˡΪȷе֪֮˼书ɲ˼ʵҲΪˣΪġ
ǰѾûЭء
ǹһ֡ǹٴε˳쬡ؾͿš
֮ǰϲ˿ۼ
ֳİ
ֻиϵǹͿ趯
ÿ˵۾žֵɡ
СǶôһɲǡ
һɲǼ䣬λеĸּҪֳʤ
ʤĽҲ
һѳˡ
ν֮ó档
ֻһɼ磬Ÿ˶ӰŹ֮ȵǹΪһֱ߰Ź֮ͷ
ͬʱ䣬һֻƻӵżһһֱ֮С˹
ͬʱݳ
ǸͶȡɵʽѾʩչѵʩչġ
ֹһ֣Ȼ͸Ų
ƣһźƶֱ֮͸
ͬʱǰǹһƬ⣬ֱŹ֮ͷ
һк
֮ʹӵÿǹҲӿһơ
ÿһƣȴĪһǹ
ɹл֮£֮ӻһԭ壬Ȼ䱩ͬСһ㡣
ֳۼġж㶼ŵôסˡ
ԭСжһŹ򣬵Ҳֻ˵жϵǶѣǰ֮ȫͬСһ㣬ȴδš
Ĺ֮ͷһ˸һƣԭһǱ֮زģڹ֮ȻһŻʧ˷ִ硣
һ֮£ɨѵĹһֱ֮ɨȥͬʱǹһһƬǣĹֱ֮ȫ˹
Գġ߿źǡʵĪʱܹĳһڹ֮£ȫÿһطб˺Ŀԣޱȡ
֮ʱ
ŤűĪ壬һӼŭһ߰Ļ
СӣǴʯһڶԷıСǹ֮ϡ
ȵȻʱȴһСǹѵ˶Էϡ
еĹ֮ͿһһƬưµӸһͬʱֻȫǽһӡ˿ˡ죬ɲǼѱ
һʱʯͷһ˵أá
ôոڵģɷˣ
һʱɫȻһȻŹ֮˹ȥ
Ҳڴͬʱ֮Ҳӭȥ
һһӭͬļ졣
һ˫̴һţһץظ֮ǹȴһֱ֧ظȥ
ƺ˼ŶԷһֵԼͬؾ㶼ȡ˹ؼ汸ӡ
֪ôһ˵ڿд˿
ԭƣȻ˱Ավš
ֹУһ족֡
ƺ˶֪ȳֵҪԡ
ȥȴҪȹ֮ӿö࣬ҲӷԵתһɲǼ䣬֮ͷٿһ
ৡһ⣬ֱ󷽼
ոշԼǹʱȴǶ
һʩչˡ
֮ȻҲǴ˵ĸ֣ǹƾżһ˦֮ʱȴյʮ׼ȷ
һɼķֱֱش͸˸£ǹȻմ£ȴΪ乳ƳļסѨ
ֻһ顣
С壬䲻ʱͱסѨһʱҪתȴǲܡ
ȻֻǼΪݵһ˲ѾڵȻ
ֻáۡһְСһعңȫ˸ǰ֮ڡ
֮һЦͷһͣǹһ˵İ֣ϵһ˦һ
ټӣһɼķƵƿֱ
Ŀ֮£ֻ׹ͨһ׹ˮ֮ڡ
ˮһɸߡ
µҲûиɫˮٴεðһƬ졣
ͬһʱֳ˱仯
ԭڸǰйͬʱǸѮĻ°ӣ⵱ڻ򹭸ʩɱ֡
һʱεȻһĵһնʺһСֱ򹭸͹˹ȥ
ͬʱǸʮµĳ׵İ׷ߣҼлͬʱ֮ϱȥ
׷ʹһǴ
ʹһֽ
ҲǷ֮
׷վ־ߣǡšոǸĶӡ
м˸ѣʹķΣǸ˱Σʹϡ
սƺ˶Ԫ
֪ĿššѲļˡ
ʹĵǣòƳ֡
æҵһɲǣٿ෽һ⧳һֻڡ
ֻڡѿԤ֮Żֵģֻһֱûᡣ
һ˲䣬Ȼ
νǧǣһʧ
֮ôҲϵбôһڡ
׷߾־ߵһǴԼֽ޶żȻǰӦȴǡ޷족
̫֮ˡ
֮еǹֶһ߰ѽ˾־ߵһ˫ǴĴ֮ϡ
ôһ־ߵ˫ɾչˡ
ͬʱǸһֽµһɲǣҲԹָ֮ס
ڣʱġ
ȵ֮ʱѾܲۡһĺϡ
һ룬Ϊ֮ڵĻö󷴵
Ҳ˲ˡ
һѪֱð
֮кһָдһֳѶϳء
ȻŲʩ԰ˡ
ֻôҲ뵽һڵľȻǹ
ֹУ
֮˵ǼˣȻʧڵһɲǣɵ¶
ԣ׷߾־ץסһɲǵĿ϶ӡ
һ˫ǴԹ֮׳˫ĴȴиΪĺС
ϵһɲǣ˫Ǵոˣ̩ɽѹֱ֮ͷ
ͬʱ䣬ǸҲʩɱ֡
ΪأȻɱˡ
ĻŭѪš
ֻֽѶϽʹȫֱ֮֮˹ȥ
ƺеˣֻҪ֮Ϊ𣬾㶼ѵк³
ǰҲ⡣
֮ԭ뼴̻ҵǸ԰˵ģǴ˿ȴòʱͷ
Ϲ˲ʣһоڹ˵Ƿǳһ飡Ϊһˣͻǣ๦ʩչͬԼʩչڼҹ񡰽һԷĹҲʩչ
֮
ԭֻһ־ͿʹǰڷȻ˿̣ȴòֽˡ
־ߵ˫Ѵա
죬ץסֽ˵ӡ
ӣֻǹ֮ץסֻ֣һֽ
һ᲻֮һֻ֣ȴʱʯһز
ֻۡһ
ֻ֣֮һѷĸֵֻһ£Էѡ
Ź֮γ֣ŭѪ硣

ʮһ꣬ǸĶӣһֻΪױ𣬾ȻԼһˡ
ֳսӦ÷Ϊ
ߣڹڴ֮һɲǣѺȻΪԷ϶
ǸѮĻ°ӣԭ򹭸ʩչɱ֡
ȻĿŹڻ˹֮һ˲ڶʱһ
Źһ¡
ʩչһɫʾ֡
°Ȼûл⡣
еøСӣ㵱ܵҾ׷ô
ԭǻ°ӣ֮
ոڣ˫ɣ˳ơաǸõܣڡšǸͽֽϰƽչʩ˫ֲ
ôԵָ㣬вĵ
ʱ˵ͷ˫֮£ȫһʩչǧˡ쬡һһ̰㣬򸽽ֽ룡
ǽȲᡣ
һһ׷ɲǼ䲽ڡ
һƬռԭʼ֡
ڻҶ
˷Խ룬˫ɼ䣬һ֮վס
ٿתһѹ˫ŭĿŹʲôˣ
㿴أ
Ҳ֪
˰Ǹߵúܡ
˫ЦһָֻŹ㵽˭ĳȴûʱ䣬п
һոڣɫһ
˫ֱô˵ݾǸأǰˣʧʧ
˫ҡͷ´ˣҲǸڶүҲǸڼҵˣҽи˫ɡ
һüŹʶǡ㵽˭
̾һǰ˵ǡһš´ӡ
һţ
˫ɳһ
Ŵ۾ֻͷһۣųһšǲ˵Ķ𣿡
ǰĻ
⡭˫ɲصǸһǸСµ𣿡
ҧһݵ
㡭
ǰ֪
ںޱȵıߵչĳȻкĸ֣֮ңʵǺģҲǲòˡ
˫ɺȻ׹Ŷһ
˵ֻ洫һҽУҡɳơϳ
˫ɴ󾪣еˣ
˵ʱҧһݣҪ
һץסǰǧ򲻿ɳȥ
˫ɷüţͺȵ֣
ǵû֣ץס
ǰ˵Ͽ쵽ֿȥ֪ͨˣǼʱ
˫Ȼһףôֿ֪صˣ
չ翴ˡ
Цһ£ֵΪ룬ȥ֪ͨڶүȫʣʵϿ쵽Ӽ丮롮šĹź»ϣͼԲߡ
Ī˻ҪȥѰšĻɣСҲ̫ˡ
һ£ãˣ
˫Ҳƺֽš
Ż̵ص󱲷ˡ
˵һ˫ͷȥ
˫֪⣬æٵӭ
˵һš
ȻӰһֱ֮ߡ
˫ɵӣ
ٿؿһ˫˫һܣһСӣǻͷټ
˵ӶһۣѷԾ⣬ӡ
ʱΣƱطȲɡ
ΪȵĻ֮һ׷֮һ׷ô˫ɾѱȵˡ
Թڱ׷
Ȼ׷ķʽͬˡ
˼䣬˫ɺ׵ؾͰѹѿ
Ȼװһʧתԭĵط
֮ŭĿվԭ
ǰϵһڣȻᣬѪѹ֮Ǽѩ׵ѶȾˡ
֮õѨַ˴Ѩס
һĿڶӼߣ벻ԸΪɵֵˣȻ˰
˵ֱܴ衣
ɱûУ
ûСǺܲӣҡҡͷ˵һƲ죬ˡ
֮޺޵صղŰҵǲ
һµûпôزأ
˵߹ȥװһĵȥ鿴ϵˡ
ҪҪ
¡֮صֻһʱע⣬˵á͸֮Ǳ壬ֻӶ֡
һ֮ж׼ȷ
֮Ц˵һǸģҿİɣ
Ҳˣ
Ȼ˵Цһֻϧֵܷ˿ֵ֣ܺһʤĿǰҳȥɣ

˵ռ߹ȥ鿴һ¹֮ϵˣԼ𣬡һɳ°ڴ˺˳һ
ʲô
Ϊһ¡
֮Ȼܡ
ϸĵӣСذ˴˸ʵ
Ī֮Ǹˡ
ǰһʱ䣬ﾹȻһƬмʣ˫ĿĪڹתš
лл
³Ϸ£ڹУ֪εһζ
ˣҲˣؼڿʲôܡ
ȻΪ̶̵֣׳ԡ
ʵ޶֮ĳ̶ȣԶκˣȻȴҲ֪֮ףƺֻıȡø֮󣬲ŵԱ֡ʹҲĲһ׵顣
Ÿ˫ɴŰѻˣŸһͬⲽ
Ȼ˷ʱһѳ۳
֮һ£϶ױȸϴˣҲգٶϼ죡
ŷżս֮ĳߣֶʬ塣
־
ǰǰ׷𫲥ˣһΰӡǡš˸Ķӣ׵ʬȴֱֱظˮ
ľʬѪˮȾˡ
һشţ֡ѪζŨˡ
ڹ˵ĺܳʹѪһˣÿο֮ɱһˣ˵˵зʹ
Ȼ˶ɱԣȻ֮һȽϣ޲μɫ
ڴЩʬʱһ̾Ϣ֣㲻̫һˣ
Ȼ֮ЦЩ˶Ǵɱ˵Ķģһ
ôҲ⡣
⻰ô˵
ΪһֱǴɱ˵ģҲӦ⣿
֮Ӻһ췢һЦ֮
Ц߱ЦʱȫһƬֹݣȷʵ˵ģ
ϵܣ㷸һԼ֪Ĵ󡣡
ʲô󣿡
㲻ðᲢۡ˵úܿ񣺡Ӧüסҵκκ˶ͬ
ֵ˼Ƿ˵˲֮

΢΢Ŷһ£ЦŵҲô˵ɣ
ÿ뵽ʱ᲻뵽һˡǸԹвһˡ 







 

  
ʮجȺ 

ÿһε֮뵽ʱһ˵İա
ְ·һһһֱ֪˵˭
ֿСë¿֮ɫܳأһ仰Ҳû˵Ȼ˼Ǹˡ
˴˶û˵ʲô
˺ܾã̽ŵ֣Ҳһֱһˡ
֮һۣûг
ǲǣ
仰˵ҪԺ֤
ô˵ִʲôʱȥˣ
֮һ˿Цһֱһ飬Ըҵѣܻл˵ġ
ƺؾţԸ͸¶ԷһϢ
Ҳȥ
ǺӼ䡰šµһӡ
źߣ书һƵ׼Ҳ֮һοɾҪӲʯͷˡ
ȼһҡҷ
һ֮Ѯҵʿһϡ
ҡҷֻƾն˫ָ˫һɿ⣬ÿ˫ָƼʱһӦϨ
һؼţµӣҲһյյϨ
ϴһϮɫĳ£޳Ũüۣһغʵࡣ
ǹź¡
Сź£ûв֪ġ
ΪźµոߣΪ˶غˬֱһѪԣε˵ĺѡ
źиţǧᡱ
Ϊһʵİַ
ʵźַֹͽּԼвӸ˵һܳ
ʵڵ꣬Ѿʮ⣬ֻڹտϿȥѮҡ
źˣתԼٰʢ˥ӵض֮ѧ˼ΪŨȤһѧϣĵãк衣
Ϊˣе˼
Ϊ㵽ԼһĽѣѪ֮֡
ΪˣǨ˵סһ쿪ʼҲͲٹ£ʹйءšе飬򲻵ѣҲٹʡ
ƺرһ£һѡ
Ϊ֤ʵǷ飬رСͽɡδʱ𣬾⣬Ⱥ㶨Ǹǰõˡ
ȻӦˡ
δʱչꡱʱͷϣǸµһŮˣֱ˺Ժ
Ϊȵõ˹źµʾ⣬Ҫֱͨӵش˵
ʱź¸պѰǰһյϨ
͸˱һͬǰǸŮһüͷ
죬Ķһʱȴ벻ˡ
վ⣬ˣ
źºȻ˵ݣӵ
λŮӦһ롣
ȭתȥ
źվȭǴ˰ɣ
Ƿһ֫ȭһҾֶŮ濣μŴ塣Ŵһɺã
źȻѽСѽôˣ
˸񣬶á
ʮǰˣźµ񱤰ݷүӵʱʷүڵ书
ʱүλǰֶŮʶɹźµλֶŮһ֡ġĽ
ۣԴԺ濵ļɾͲټλǰˡ
ֱ
ʮԺĽ죬˹λǰ֮ʹޱȵġ
һʱ뵽˺ܶ࣬۾һεવض
ʵղһʱ򣬹źѾע⵽ͷϵһ׻Ѿµĳֲҵ¼ˡ
ʱЦһ£Īʲôҵ鷢ˣ
塭
̲סֻסգһʱ䱯
Ȼһǿײᣬǵ˷ʯһ棬˿ǰǻ˸е͵ס䲻ʹޣȻŴŵᣬȴָ˳
ź´һĪǺϸʲôô
塭꣬ص󲮸˼ѾѾˡ
Ŷźɫʱһ԰ף˵⡭ʲôʱ£
졭ǰ
˵ţְӸαȻĵ˼㣬ȴְǰΣޣϲóһš
ź»һֻ֣ı
ֱϣһƬ˸УȻһ̾侲һ¡޲¡֪һϸΡ
濵һͷʱͲٿˡͳһ־Ĩһ±飬ϵ۲ɣת
źصϸǵõʲôôô죿
Ŵ塭ҴǱ˼Ҷɱģ
źһ㵣Цһ˭
ҧһ

ȻֵֻĴºţѾµ˱ط֮
ֽй֮
֮Թź˵Ȼʮİ
Ŵ壡濺书߼ˣҴ󲮲Ķ֣˼̫ˣ
ô˵ϸ˵ӣ
ûС˼ֻһʱΪŴ塭ֶŮҪ˼ҳ塣
˵ˮֶ
չĺԶɱˣ뽫ԭԭ˵
濵һͷ콫֪Լɥǰһαĩϸϸ˵һ顣
ź֮󣬰û˵
ããŷһ̾Ϣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
վӣǰ
Ŵ̨ϵһ辰辰ֵˮɡ
ʱˮɶʢ
Ȼźȴһƶĺһ㣬˿ʣ
ôһ˵Ҿ֪ˡ
˵֪չĵϸ

һ£ع˸һ˵Ŀ⡣
˵޼ô
Ҵ˵ôŴ壬˼ҲΪǶ޼ɵ£
һ㶼һ·ġ
˵һô˵϶ĻȻӦˡ
ⷬǰ˵ٴźôһ˵ӡ
һͷҴǰҲô˵Ŵ塭չ⣬ڵʮһɣһšǰҲ˶֣չķǵɱǰһŻˡһšᡭʹƬ޴档
źȻһ£
һŻһͷô˵͸ˣֶԸ޼ʱҲ֮һ
Цһ£̾Ϣһô˵һˣž͸ֵˡ
ֶŮѾǸչȷʵڣһȷӼ䡣
źɫһȻײǳסˣ仰΢΢һЦ
⻰ɿô
ְѹǱα̽һξ˵һ顣
źƵƵͷ̾벻һš˿֮ţܿɹ
ֶŮԶǿͣ;棬һˣϢһ£һʱ֮¡
˵̾һǰ濽Ǹ롣
źµʦֶŮ濹Ǽ
ȭ
źµĽܣ濲֪ǹźŵӡ
Ͽȥһʵģϲʲô
ȴҶ˿֮ģΪ֪šһͽϣź¶һֻĸ£
˵šĸӣһտ书˼ǰۣǡšŴӣȻе̳
濶һƬ⡣
һֱ͵˺ԺһྲϷԺ󣬲ʦáʦֽ̣͸顣
վʦֲؿֱ޷
üͷǰѾ˵ˣϲѾ˼ҵĶ֣ռТش˵ˡ
Ȧһ죬Ȼص˵ͷ
ֵ˵һšϲҲ˶֣ҷŻˡһš᣿
ֵһͷ
ɱ˵֣Ѽ񼩣˵һԳƶĹֿͣ
չй֮
ʦü
Ҽ
ꣿ
ʮҰɡ
˿˵һѶİ
棿Ȼһصʦε֪
һЦһͷ̷
ǵģȫԡֵصʦּˣ
ûСҡһͷ˵˼
濶ĪĿǣеĪ
һ˫ֵӴ
̾һһʱͿʵһʱҾӦòµ⣬跨ֹﲻҪʵʦ
⡭Ϊʲô
濴󲻽ؿ
̾һʦ֪˵
ǻɣ
ʦֵ˼ǡʵڲסΪʲôҪŹŴ壿
̾˿Ҳ
ϸΣҲ֪£ǳһ˵Ĺա
ˣ
ǵġɫƽһˡ
ôʦֵģ
һͻɶͷԡȻҲ޲ѡ
ʹı飬ƵƵҡͷ̾Ϣš
˵ֻһʱͿһǸ˵ӣʦ˼ҡ
˵صطһ̾Ϣͷ
Ŵ˼ô
ǸϣǸԤڱʦôʦɱȫסһ򡭡
ô
̾˿ֻ¼ʦѪ֮ǡ
£
濴ΪֵؿȻǶ³ˣ
³ߣ
һô˵ˣ
һüͷګګصһʱͿȹʦá治֪ôźá
Ŷһ£ʦ˵ʲôˣ
֪Цһ£ӵֱΪֹһУһֻ֪֪ͯ¤ġ
书
߲ɲ⡣
һϲΪʲô˼Ը
ֺγû뵽һ㣿ʦãΪͯͻȻλûйϵ
ô˵
˵ԭΪ˶Ըģ
濸˵صô˵öһ֣
ֹǰ֣Ȼûλ֪书ΣǿλͯӣʮְѶ
һ¡
뻯书ʹеʤʵΪʵ񻹻书ʤ
˵šˣɽɽ仰ʾ˵ıȰѧ߲ɣǱϾ񡰶ˣǽ
˵ںȻðһͯģͯ书ڶ֮ϣʵе񻰣Ȼ˵ǡܡǿʵ̫ССš
Ȼʵǰ
׿˵£ֲš
ϴ˺ɣһĪ͵ı顣
ʦĪǲģ
濵ʦֿԴȥô
Ȼҡҡͷ
ô
Ѿˡ
Ϊʲô
Цײβ
Īλ֪֮ͯҪӼ䣿
Ȼ֪˵ֻȴԸںӼ붬λͯ㣬Ŷݼ֮о
ô˵Ī֮ںӼ䲻գ
˼
̾һ˵Źʱʦ˵Ϳ޺ԼʦпˣΪ
һ£̾ϢԸ˵ľͺˣ޿ˡ
һ£ʦ֣㿴ôǺã
ܹʦãʦ֮ͨˣҲ˼жԲҲδ֪
˵վǵʦó;ۣҲţ㻹ǺúϢɣ
һ˼ҼˣҲһ롣
ߣҲʵЩˣЪϢһ¡
ҲͲǫ͡
ԺһҼˡ
ڴϺ˼Щ˼޷֣ͼıԸ֮顣
֪ʱȻ˯
û˯ãһְˡ
濴Ҵ´ʵ˭
⴫ң
濴Ҵҿš
ʦ룡
濶žһޣ⼸յ֮࣬ټУʹɥ˵Ģݶˡ
ݣĿ֮ͣշ˴Լˮ仪ƺͬն
ͣſԷԾױת⡣
濸߳
ɫصšĸظǰ˵ˡ
һĪҲΪ˶ģ
һͷЦԼʹﲻ˵ʦȻҲ֪
˱̸߱
ЦһĻȻ飬Ƕ֮ȻһҲﻹ֪šˡǹѾˡ
濶ʱһֹʲôʱ򣿡
ʦ˵ǰ
벻չģɱˡڶΪ¶ģ˵ٺ죬ǸչģҪˡ
˴һƬ԰˹źµĵ⡣
ͨ濻뷿ڡ
ˣź½֮濲ŷֳ˸ֵеĸ⣬⻹ĸˡ
һǸصõܸ˫ɣһǽк꺺ӡ
ǡšµӡ˦ּ¡绢ΰ
濶ڡšĸֵǾˣһֱ
ʱλڶүֻʮҵ꣬һţһ縺룬⡣
ŨüۣȥΪһúӡ
ˣǸ˫Ѯҷüһ⡰˦ּǸݳĺӡ绢ΰȴһְַʵӡ
Щ˶濶ֳӵӣֻǵ˵λĲϽʱÿϾ㶼˾صɫ
Ȼκһɵˣһ书Լ߷ڵ٣ȴһΪڵ֪濾λ˼ҵĺʱ㶼ǰλĿ࿴
ȻѾ֪ѵ顣
˽֮ÿͶӹ۹⣬ͬϧζ
ҲáͬĸݣȽʺϡ
Ϊ˹źʦͽ⣬ÿһ϶Ѫ
Ǳ˴֮Ŀ⽻ʱ֡ޡζѾڲ֮С
źµ֮󣬲Űһ˫ŭ޵ע
ãһЦ֪šиѾˣ
󱲸ղ˵ˡ
˵ʶؿһԵĸһۡ
ƺź仰һ飬һ˫һ˿Ρ
ۿˮע濵󲮵飬Ҳ˵ˣղ˵Ǹչ
ǵģڶ壬
϶ʱֳ֮ɫԱߵĸ˫һۣΪϣصС˹Ǹ书˵ãֵˣ֪йһܹӵûֺѣ
濵ֶŮֻʤʹܲʱ֡
صһͷô˵ȷǲſεŮˣ
һԵĸ˫ȴһ£ʹһ¡
ǰ˵
´˴һУ;ͼѻǸ֮ɣ˸Լͬⶾ֣Ϊһ֮ȣ˴˶֡
һ£ŵֽһ£Ƿ֪Ǹ˵ĵϸ
˭
ԳǡһšĴӣչʶˣ
ü΢΢һ˹ˣĿǰΨһŵһˡ
һͷʶ
˹ǡһšµô
ǵģǰ
ôΪʲôͨͬһ
濵λʦִĻǣһΪʦŸȻ书ȴ֮ΪУԲò²ߣʵп
Բڵˣ⹭Ϸľˡ
˵ﳤ̾һݹ͸¶Ϣּ֮ڡšҲͼԸŴΪϢʵô
ʵڵġ
˹Ŵ⣬⻹ʲôͼ
濵ֶŮ֪֮Ŀʮһɣǽĳг𡣡
ؿ˹źһۣô˵ϸ˵Ĳ˱Ȼ޼ɵˡСӣ벻ô£
ɱ֮ޣ죡
ؽҧݣȻɫֵϸ磬㿴¸ô죿һжİš
źصһͷղֶŮĻԺѾ˹صеʮһɣֻ߼ңС¡˺·߹ԺһȻ߽⡣
⣬ŵŽ̡ĽʮǰһҲڲˡ
ظ͵ͨš͡ʨӹݡҲƲ£ͨʣʨӹݵӴҲȺӢ¥ʵ
źµͷôԴ㣬ʣµֻСһס޼׺סšǬԼɡϡ߼ҡ
ؿЦһµ⻰ʵڣϸ磡һš͡šҲˣӦ˵ʣµֻҲŶԡ
źһЦЩɷɢ㣬вף˵ǰʱ伱ȣҲˡ
һԵǿ˱ܣݸλǰȫԺͼֶԸ
˫ȵͷ͵ܺã
฽͵ʦô˵мءת׵Ĺźµʦ˼ΪΣ
źҡһͷ
Ҳҡҡͷ
λ˼Ҷͬڰˡ
ź¿˸һۣעϣ˵ãȴҪԺһźá
Զһ£֮⡣
˫̲ס˵Ŵǡ
źЦǸ˺ӼҡšԺ
㶼Ϊ֮һ
濵Ŀⲻؿ
رԿЦ
ʦáƢ˽̫͸ˡ
ʦʲôˣбµˣҪ˼һ£ڼȻ˹֮һ֣ȻŹ
ƫּһء
϶źһһϷ˵ƢҪؿųǵˣԼȴ˱һԲ뻹ֱ֣ǲܵһ¡
Թźµ˵̾͵õ˸صӦ
ƵƵͷԣ޳ɹϸĽ飬չĲӼѣɺӼ䡮šھݲ˲񡣡
ƺԼԭǰܾ֮ݡ
ź˿һ۵֪չ书ܸߣǰȴˣλշתڵصĻչ಻Źšֻ½Ҫ롮һšͬ³
ⷬе
źҵһЦԱŶۣһʮְ˾Լ㣬ֻѽӽˣôͬͬˣϸһϵʵߡ
ЦһĿ⣬ڸϿһۣҶĬ
ԣȥߵ˵ʵʡ
ȸ͵ԣͷһͷҲһ
źЦһ߲ɣźˣʹߣǰŽᣬܵؼƻһ£չһƴ
ⷬҲ˵ʵ飬ʱô˵ͬ
ʵҲ˷ŵļ
Ϊùźⷬ˵ΪʵҲʵ飬ôäĿطߣȷҲһ취Ƿӵóɻһ⡣
濵ͷʾ͡
ֻһ˲ʾͬ

źµĿ⣬ѾİĴϣͬǾò졣
ź¹ôƺʲôҪʾô
վȭʦӵ˼ͬԭʦõ
˵ʱܿߣ
ǿɽϣŽ
ôźЦ˼ǴšҪˣ
Ӳ˼
źһЦ֪˽첻صôߵô
ʦ˵öԣ뱾żʵǿʱȫġ
ź·һӵͳЦ
һӵ۵˼šԼϰٵļǶҪˣ
ǲôԱȫ
仰˹źһŭ
λ˼һٳЦĻؿЦһ
ʶźµˣ㶼֪λүˡ
Цһ٣ĿصΪŴӣδ̫־Լˡ
һսӣΪĳмΪ֮
üֻʦ˵ʵǲӵģ˵
ź»ֵ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
Ӧһǣ
źЦչĽ֪ҲȫȻûд㣬㼴ȥóԼŰӼᣬлԸǡ
ԭȻ˵ʲô֮£Ҳ޷ڣʱȭӦҪͷȥ
źµţ
˵ȡһźȵֿջá׺׵һѾˡ
һΪ죡
ÿ˵Ͼ㶼һϲõɫ
ؾվô׺׵Ҳˣ
ÿʱġ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˼廪ÿ걾ʮգһʢᣬ廪۵Ĺ׺׵ͬһʦÿⷬʢᣬҪġ
˫һЦ׺׵Ƽ߽ھ֣룬Ȼ̫ˡ
ȴǳ˵⣬˭Ҳ޷ǿġ
ź΢Ц׺׵ÿˣǹĳϳͣҶ˽Ƿ±͹ġ
סŵһ˵϶˵ˣϵǲ
ͷһ׷üŹͭɫۣгһڵ޳˴
źЦ˵ܲٲܲپ͵
˾㶼ӭ 







 

  
ʮһɻ 

Ǹߴ˽֮شŻ׵벻ϵҲڡһᣬһᣡ
صҪר룬Ȼݰ٣ˣ
׺׵ص̾˿ȴһһڳжϡ
ȻǳӣҲ˴кһλ
һ
׺׵ӹһڣ˫˸ŷâӣڸɨһۡ
ݽϵ͵ģĿӴʱ㶼վִ񣬲Ҹ֡
ʱλֱ֮󣬰׺׵ƺһ¡
ȵ˹źµĽܣ׺׵Ȼ񱤵Ͻǹʲôˣ
ٲһܡ
׺׵ȻѾ֪ˡ
濵Ľ˵֮󣬰׺׵һ˫üëš
ܾãܾãŵһͷ
ƶڸӼϣ˵¡˷ǰݷùϣҲΪ¡
˵һЦаδĹ£书֮ߣš
۾һתϵĹźµ˿֪˵ϸԼȥ
źµЩˡ
˵Ըꡣ
źµ˲֪֪ܲʮǰͥɽ֮ᣬĪûвμӣ
һ仰˵ð׺׵ɫһ䡣
̾һһͷϵܰǣ˵·ϣһҲϼдһţ벻ȻˣǴ¡
źЦ֪һšҲˣ
£
ź½ȥšĸҲ˵Ķ֡
ģ
׺׵һ˫۾ü
Ȼġ
׺׵˿ĸһۣȻ֪鲻٣һʱȻ
Ĭһ£Ȼã벻޼滹͡;˵ɴ̶ıðԺΪʱѲ³ĵϸⷬƣȻҪȫµ˹ͬΪˡ
źµȻδȫͬΪУ־ҵȾɽ֮ʱʮһɣȴѼΪ
ˡ׺׵ǺȻоӡ
һԲڵǰֻ˺Ӽ䣬׺׵ãӦδȻǵ
׺׵һЦøСӣҵҪʲô£ˣ
סⲽ롣
Ĺź±ȭʦ𣬱ѼãƾʦĲǲ
źµͷͬλᣬȥ
ǰһʦ𣬶ʦܷתأ˵λ߹ˣںӼ丮ɳ¶вء
ⷬϿ˾㶼һ
źµͷϢȷʵô
ʦ˵ͬλ߹ֿͬеһλչĵϵĿѶҪʦӦ䡣
ã֪ˡ
˳
źЦʱǰǣȥ
׺׵۳׵⻰ʵúãҪú˼һ¡
ɱ֮ŭѪȣ˿էųﻹס
Ȼվȥɱһֲ˵ȲλС
ıһھŶ˻󿳵
źת׺׵Σ
׺׵侲һ£վϵ˵ҲԴУɱһֲ
źվλͬã˱ŵ
ڹź֮£üٶ֡
ɳšֻһС
ֻջһҽС¥һҽСǧ㡱ǰ¥̨ȡʤͥԺ
ʱ֡
һȺˣȻӿˡǧ㡱
ջһ۾ͿͷԣΪ֮ʮ֮˾Ŷżһ
Щ̻ʳ
Ϊ׵һŵʿһһź¡
һǰü׷ϵˡ׺׵
һǺ׳õšء
⻹кܶˣ׳ŮУڶʮϣЩ̾ʳһԲ
δõջϰǮƹġһӡ
ʳõſֻ˸һۣѿ˸˵·־˽
һ֡
Ǯϰ߽λ͹ʲôǲ
صֵϵѣǮϰɿˣ
ǣүӣǵǡ
һλѣ
λǡ
סĵ
һλǮϰɫصүӣǻ˵ȽϷ㡣
ǵأصǽĵȽϺáƹģԼ£òŴС֣ҪǾ˵طʲô羪ݶҾΨʣ
Ǯϰһ͹ǡ
ػһֵȥɣ
Ǯϰﻹ˵һҪ˳һԵĸ˫ɵһ¡
ǮϰվסʲôԸ
˫ɵڿʼҿջǰˣκٽ֪𣿡
⡭Ǯϰһ£ͷǡ
ǮϰȥԺ󣬲ã߽
УʮҪǱɳֱӴ̽ģԴҼ㶼ֽŵӵ˹
һֱ˹ź¸ǰղŵѼ˹ʦ֣棬Ҫǲ
˵óһֽţݹȥ
ź½ӹһۣһЦ̫ˡϲòֻһˡ
˼ֽƬϲݲдż֣
ֳʹšڵǰǿУ˼ͼתƣԹۺЧϡ
ҿ֮á
ء١һЦôˣѵһ˲ɣ
׺׵Ҳô˵ⲻ²µ⣬һսʤ˹ǲ˵Ҫǰˣɾȥ֮֮
˵ǿֳվǾԭļƻƶڶͷҰɷ˵
źµͷһռ£粻һּɱмǲս⡮չ
׺׵˵ƶá
ؼγǿڡŶ˻󿳵׺׵߰ɣ֣

½
ǧ㡱ջĵƣԼֶԵʱǰ裬綼˲̽ˡ
£ɹźţ½Ԥĵطֱվá
ССͥԺҲ徲ɰ
ԺéͤƺϿήĲݸ³硣
ǡǧ㡱һԺӣõĿͷѾȥˣֻһ䡣
źµ˾ŵһΪص㡣
֮Ǽ䷿ӣǵļ֮УȻһʼǼͷŴعرţڷˣ˵Ī
һش
ļƬҶŷƴת
ʱһĻƣ̣һơյͷ߹
СƺעҪùҲƺͷŽⲻ⣬һ˫۾ߴصתš
˵Ԥʱġ
Сϰµĵ͵Ϯһӷ硣
ͷ쿴ĵһֵֻѨͬʱһֻҲɵģ̽˹
СƱϵ˿ŵһͷ
ǸѨˣǱˣĸʢİ׺׹
ҴǸƵѣԼϣһھơޱȵذײͲ
ϵ˱ˡ뻢Ѩɵûӡ׳־ǰҪ뻢Ѩıͼд̹֮
ԭǰššӡ˦ּεġ
׺׹ʱòģԼ涥ɫ
׺׹¡书տһ·ʮְ׺׽
ڽΪ˱Ƴ硣
ʵֵĹ򣬲ס׺׽һΪܳİָ롱֪ž˻ࡣ
ź¾ⲻ˵еһ
ߣṦѣġ׺Ծ֦ʮǨƶ֣ܳҡ
ȻԼĸԸһҲΣҪĹȴΪǡ
һ֮󣬿ȥֱһϻƣͲʶôƲỳǰǼٵġ
ΪڻǸء
ѾһЭ׺׹һֵĵλصĻؽʱϳ֡
λǵпɽ书ϵĳɾԲɡ
ټԹźλֵı㣬ȫԸϵӵͬЭⳡٵļսȷʮֿɹۣ
׺׵롰˫ַ󡱸ҪȶĵȻһ
һ³ˡ
˫ϳˡ

ǰصؽһ磡
ȭΪλǰһ£
һ󣬹̼
شֵصֶҶ˵ˣڻһ£ֶİæʮָм㣬ֶ踺صľ񣬴Ҷ
˵λ˼ҵһӱͨ죬صڹֶǿˣǴһﶼˣϾҪȥչˣǰǶ֪ĴΪѣȱһܣϷ㡣
ȭҲΪġ
׺׵˵ʲô
Ե֮¸λǰ˼źá
һ۵ʲô˼
֮似ͨ죬Եֻ֮ȡУ
׺׹ٺһЦֶĿǼҲĶˣ
̾ǰⷽ࣬ǡԵ֮ȴɢں֮ڡ
˵ˣȻס
Ϊǰü˵ɫΪƣͻȻкܴﲡ
ͷ̾һӾãλǰӦôӳ飬ѣ־ҪƶԷأֻҪڹ֮ϳԿ
һЦãֶĻ͵ΪֹɣǺ顣
롭
㲻Ҫ˵ˡ׺׵ѾˣڴȺˣûа;˵ĵ
Ȼǰչ似߲ɲ⣬һη
һβǹź£ηʲô
һȺ˵УȻģ˵һȽ侲ˣȻëͳڴ˹Ը
˵˵ʲôˣ
ʲôˣл֪ѿɶ϶ôһˡ
ʦܣô֪ôһˣ˵һֱûгҲֳ˵УΨһܹǣվڹͬһˡ
ͷչ׿ڸҵġ
ʲôǲͯ
Ҳ֪
һ£ֹӡ
Ȼȷ֪һˣ˵书롰֮Ȼʱ˿̣֪ʦһ˼֮һߣ֮ͯĬҲͯ˵һУڳ˹
ֻĬĬԵȥ
ؿźµʦ˼һԡӺ޶֮ĳ̶ȣԽκ֮ϣֻС̣Ҵıʦ¹ϵ˵˼С
˵һȻϥ
ӲŹһ룬Ѹźס
㲻ˣźһ㺮˪һЦֶ㲻Ҫ־Լ硣չ书ʹٺãҾͲʤùֺϹҪ˵ôˣҹĳ˵һˡϽ졯ǷܽӵҪʵ֤
׺׵ЦһֶȫǶˣ˻Ϲ۰ɡ
ظһʢ˵ӵȵʰ˹֮֮󣬰ڳֶ֪ͨһ¾ƣˣȫȻȴԼôġ
λϵҲϸִһţȻǿʤȫĨɷʵһ棬տд֪
Ҳֻ˵Ϊֹˡ
Ҳܶ˵ʲôһʱȻ㬵˻صһߡ
濻߹ȥ磬ô𣿡
Цһµһеʱ˵ɣ
˵λȭһȥ
η˳źڿԳˡ
ȻȻҲǵһס
׺׹Ҵƾߣظ
վˣǡšóϣԼšĸ˫ɡ
⼸Ȼһġ
ɹź조šİӣͬ濣ΪʮˣΪ
ʮÿ˶һڳһ󡪡Ž󡱡
νΪ족ءˡ
źԳС족λԡ׺׹ΪءλڡŽҪǱÿ˵ıбǽΪصıһڴ󵶣ȻϺ涨ԣź¾ָΡˡλʣӣΪףӦγһ޵н󡱡
ԡšΪԡԡΪγ
໥ΪӣΪӦγ˹Ϊ˵һ
ƾĶֽۣɣźɷѿġ
ҲΪôһʹùźµޱȵġ
ڣԹźΪףһҲˡ
Ȼǰ죬⡰ǧ㡱ջȴĵزһˡ
ջҲȵõ˾棬ŵذѵڶԺĿ˶һɢԺκ˲
һƬԺҲûһˣźµʼôݲá
ôһÿԺԵþĵģȻһ羪ݶ
һ磬ٺɫﻺ
ļƬҶشת
һпԵô
׺׵˻ضһ̣ǼŴĿͷǰ档
ߵһ¡
ߵһ¡
ߵ˼¡
͹٣͹١
һỽûһЩ
¿͸Щϡ
׺׹һƣšѽȻһ£롣
ﾲĵزһӰϿţҲš
׺׹۹һɨջصĵɾͿһϡ¶ͬʱҲֵˡ֮Ǹˡ
ۿֱеţǰ£ġ
һƽƽڰС
ڰյӣƽֱˮֻһ˫̤ǽϣͿ˫ǽȵذӶţһҲҲ䣬ȥֱһ߻ʬ
׺׵˺Ҳ
ֻһۣȻһ
ۿŹֱ֮ǽϵӣȻ
°ȻűֱǽϵʽֻȫȻڿС
׺׹һʧɫӣѽؽһľӶॵضһƬ
͹١ô£
òź¡
еĹ֮һһ߼Ͽӡ
һЦصϷûУҾǱϷġ
׺׹ԭ͹٣ϵľˡ
֮ͷãΪҶһ
׺׹Ӧǡ
ھյһ˫
֮Ǿɻǵһμ
ֻ˳һݣȥ˿Ѫɫһۿȴһââ⸡ͫӱ档
ô
С϶Щˡ
񡣡
׺׹һһʱ֪λش
֮˵֮ʱǱϸֳһ˿Ц
㲻Ǹɴֻġ
ô񣿡
֡
˵֡ʱ֮һֵֻҲƷֻһ£ѵ˰׺׹ϡ
˭
׺׹ֻץԼֻ֣ȻȱҪ䡣
׺׹ԾǣԷõĵطԼϵġšλá
ѨȱԨ
ҪѨڶԷ׺׹ı£Ҳֻ¡һĪչˡ
ԣڹ֮ĴʳָѨһĵ׺׹ʩչռжǡ֮ӻѳ
һֹǹ֮벻ͨģôҲû뵽ǰò˵ͷȻôһ֡
ڹ֮ǰһĵ׺׹ֵһھذףﶶ˳Ź֮֮ȥ
һ׺׹Ȼ
ǵˣ׼ͷҲǡô׼֮ġšһѨ
һӺֱ¡
֮һ̶ĹЦ
ϵһƵն𣬰׺׹ǵȿٵһȻ˸ա
׺׹˴㡣
һ˽ĥˡ
һУŰ׺׹ϷӣڶĶ
л˸ԲεһȦ¹⣬һ׺׹ѡλãǶԷѡ
԰׺׹һǿɹۡ
Ϊ㶨˶Է˵ãһʩչʮֹδ׷һȻ⣬ɭɭرˡ
һ֣Ȼǹ֮û뵽ġ
һ£ֻášһȻڹ֮һС˰̵߳һӡ
֮ɫһ䣡һá
ָջչƣ׺׹ͬһֻ׺װطɳȥ
ע⣬ư׺ǰȻԵá
ֻá顱һ
ϵӳʵײ֮ϣʹķΪ֮Ȼһ
һӿײòᡣ
һذѵϡ
֮һЦƥ̫
ֻһǺȻһ죬Ϊ֮һ¡
ذ϶ʱֳһεĿ
ǰ׺׹нĹ򣬶һɢ
հ׺׹ԭĸ߷һв֣ܵӦ̳˳һж֡
뵽һŵݳУʧ֣׺׹õع֮
֮Ѱ˹
׺׹һ˲䣬ֻֽţáʮְֱַ֮ز˹ȥ
һ߿ˡ
Ī˿С
ԭԷӣû뵽һӰӣֻֽŵݼȻһС
һˣһ˵ܲΪ档
Ȼڰ׺׹˵ȴһܴ顣
ƾڽеԼ书˵֮ǲӦе󣡳ȻҲͨ顣
ֹУǸֹУݵٻ㲻ˣ˱㣡
Ծڰ׺׹һ߿֮£ʱŻ󿪣
ҲһɲǼ䣬׺׹;ɶԷϱһĪıϢ
溮ϢɽȻһƬ⣬ŶԷһ֮ƣһ漫ɴغȻһѰ˸
׺׹ֻһ䣬һĺ䣬ס˸
ǽˣڽһ֮һ˫Ųȴ֭ͭҺסһ㣬ƶֺ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
һɲǣȴֻɹ֮ٿһӰӰȥ֮һ޶ĸ߰üһ޶֮ͬǰ϶һϮ·ȴȫ㡣
κһҲضħһ϶
ֻǿڵи׵İ׺׵۾ɾͲˣһ
ΪԷ֣ϺСϡľ磬ǸӣǶԷĵԪӤ겸֮֮ɫһСΩΩФһ޶
ǣɵġԪƾһܡ
ɶԷԶԵС
ޱȵһɲǣ
ǰӰһ
֮ǸӰһƵɰ׺׵͸ȥ 







 

  
ʮѪȾˮ 

׺׵˶ʱһֽУ
Ӱһɲǣ׺׵ԭֱͦӻһ£ֱͦͦص
֮Ӱ˸Ȧӣ»ص˹֮վԭı֮ϡ
߸һϣͬʱһģ֮Ż򵹵صİ׺׹ǰͷϽñӡ
ǰһ˴壡
׺׹
ĬĬصĸ֣ܵϣһ˿Цݡ
ʱһ󼲷Ϯ
ͻȻ־ѻǸأȻǰ׺׹Լõʱ䣬ϳ֡
ȻжȻһ
һ֮ڸ˵ȷе⡣
塢ŭ̡
ô۸ӵĸ飬ڸһֵ׺׹ʱһԵӿһĺУǿڡŶ˻󿳵ӳ˴Ƭϼ⣬ͷǶֱŹ֮ͷϿ
֮ͷһĵȻһεص

֮ǿƴؾؼת˹
һֻצ֣ѵץס
һɾͽ׺׹ˡ
һʧ֣ս
ʵ϶Է֮һ书䲻̹ǰָŶǰɥѪܽѵ
Ҳһ֮䣬ʹ
ڹֵֻ֮ݳ֮ʱһһţʩչˡ쬡һ·ݶ
֮ƣƥҪ˵ʵˣմһ߶ҪҲǲס
Ȼҿһơ
һ֮üӿٶȣֻȻһ죬ˤ˴⣡
һڵء
֮ͷ΢ΣѸٶ
ͬӣڹ֮ӷһմصĵбӿٵӰӣУǳƮƮߣһǻ갫
ǰ㶼һֻǸһ˫γ
ǡšеĳϼһ罣ϣһ̫꽣
ˣһ彣޼Ǹʩ˫İȴǡšеĸ˫ɡ
ĸǸڶӦС
ԾڡһɲǣĸԲͬķȻϮ
ڽһ˫ͬʱѹ֮Χ˵С
֮ԭһֵĵػ£벻Ȼֻðôһˡ
Ŀĺһ˿У
ͬʱ֮䣬̫꽣롰彣޼ڽһһ˫߼̵֮һ棬ѷֱסһ˫Ľ档
̶ֻýرƳΪһ
һƽҲԹĸܣҲƵ䣬ҲƵ顣
̶ϣ书֮˹źѷɫö࣬˵ҲǱߵ佣һţܱŴͳĽ޹գߡ
˿֣ԷǵС
ν֡˼壬Ȼϸ֮ͬĹ֮⣬ŵڻΪڻַԱɱţ϶˳֡
侫ڡ֡ɳ̶ȣ糣ɽ֮ߡβββν֮ȻǴ˿ٵĵˣȻѰ
̶ϣһͳԶԷס˽棬һʱѸвס
ȷǹ֮
̶ὣǲܣʹҲΪף͸һ˫ʹһ˫ƽڽ֮ϣʪմ棬ﻹ˦ѵõ
ֻ̾Ͽոһ˿ҲչʾۿŶһأһ˫Ƥع
ۻҵĸֹڴˡ
ڶϷԵһɲǣ罣˫ɸͬʱϡ
λ֮һ˫һɲǼ䣬طֿ
ǰ˸˫Ϲ⻪Ȼһࡣ
һɲǣĶǣ
ǰֿչι⻪ӭ˸˫롰罣ϵӡ
Ѫһ֣ѡ
ڽԶ£һִˣŶԷ䴦罣ϵʬһһͬʱֿȥ
Ѫһضǡ
ͬʱһֻϵǿڽҲڸ˫ɵ֮䡣
һȥƺһΪֻһŹ֮ıӴ˫ɵİݰ㣬һնʣµİӣĳ̫ͣһʱɷղͨͨͨһǰ˺üŵڵϡ
ÿ
͵Ľơ
ɱС
ʱһĿߣᡰ
ɱַǧٹ֣£ȴĿģҲ̶õɱ˶УϾֺ˲ӡ
Ҳǹ֮ķŭˡ
һ֣ɱţ˵Ҳ١
һɲǣ׺׹ȴһ
ϵȻ֪书ǶԷ֣ϾҲǿӵ
ʱۿԼɷѿĵһܼƻȻڶԷħͷһֵĵݻţʹĵԼ߼ĸ֣ȴźδ⣬ļˣء˫ɡϣôĸ֣ȻڶԷһֵȺѪ
Լ֮ңѣϵȴһηǿеƢԣ
ʱһһ沽ʩչһٵذȥһԳġ꽣ûһƬɫǽֱŹ֮ͷ˹ȥ
ϵǰԷֵĹѵõŶ
֪Էһַ֣ȴǸ족֡
һΪԷӣʯ룬ѵÿ
һݵöԷӳҲضӿȥ
ǰסԭ򡪡ǾǾԷ۽ˣҲԷԼʩɱ֡
׺׹ϾǸ֮ʿ
ԭĿǰʱԵЧ
ǣڹ֮һʽɱ֣ʩһ˲䣬׺׹Ѿչӡ
ֻɵţѾ˳⡣
֮ǰ㼲һȻῳһա
һĳ磬ֱɰ׺׹ǰػȥʹð׺׹ƽյֶ࿪һڡ
׺׹˵ǱܿһȴҲסųһ亹
ŶԷɱּʹ
ԸǿУֻʩȡļȲʤУȴԱȫһֽս
սǵнˣҽ
ڶһ֮󣬰׺׹ϣĽУĽһƬ˻ֱ֮Ͼ˹ȥ
·ɵţ˳⣬һ˳еʱ
Ȼ׺׹ȴҲҽˡ
ʱӣʱ
˫ɵţ䣬Ѱ˵ȵУӷŵأӭĹ֮׷ѭŵҲƵǰ
ȻҲһɲǣĽʼչ˿
֮ӷһֻǰӰһһ߰׵˿Ʈǰ
ǡš˹ź£
ͬʱ䣬˷Ȼֳˡ
ЩŹźµӣڹ֮ӷһĵͬʱǰ˼Ѱѹ֮Χһ˽εĽ֮С
νġ޵н󡱡
ͬ׺׹ڣʮһڳĽ⣬ͬʱָ֮ǰ
֮ĿȽӴǹź£ȴͻȻ仯ʧȥĿꡣ
ȻǰһֽŮüбĿԲǰβʤԼ濹
Ȼգ۵ĹѾű仯תĽƶƻλã
ɴ˿ʼһŲͬòǰòѡ
۾ֻҪעһˣ䣬Ǹ˱ضǰʧ֮һ
һơ޵н󡱹ȻޱȣһΪźͬš֮ء
һδеǰŲ䣬ΪӦ֮á
֮Ȼһθеš
ֻԹźΪ׵ʮһֽˣʱֺϣתƣͬرλá
֮һ˫ӣһ׷˺üˣȻ˿ա
֪ǰЩˣҪԼһǰδɱˡ
ͬʱҲԼٵս֣ԸЩôˡ
ǰʮһˣˡ١ֹ졢ңƺһĲ衣
Ǿ֮浥Ӵ
ңʹ֮оͷ۵ʮһ˳ֽʽһ
Ʃ˵׵Ľƽ֣ҵĽȴ֣ĽǸ߸߾𣬶Ľѹ̡
һ֮ĸǲ֪ΪУЩڵĳһ˵Ŀ֮£ʱ
Ψһͬһ㣬ÿ˫ӣעһϡ
ʮһ˫Ŀ⣬ǰԹ֮Ǻ֮ǣ޲һڰȥģ
νǧĿӣ޼ա˳Ӳһֺζ
֮˵Ѽô˫ӵĿ⡣ҲЩӡ
ɷϵģǰƣѴ൱ģδԳƵİǰʱ
Цһվӡ
ӷվͬʱǸܵƣҲס
ģȻǸˡź¡
֮ϴһѲмЦݡ
ź¡
ܺãҴԤģ㡣
ר̡̺
֮һѹǰĶ̷һϴһƬŭݡ
֪˭𣿡
ź·ЦЦȴζ
¼ʹճ˻ңĳҲ
ô˭
֮
֮˭
С߯źصС㣬ҹĳȴ㣬һֹƣ˱ˣȴҲ
ҿ˲ûʲôͬ
仰֮˵쳣Į
Ȼƽ͵һǻȴɱУ͸˹֮׺ݵĿ⣬ĶԹźº޶ĳ̶ȡ
ţźصʮǰ޼ɣʩΪҵʮһ֣ɽ֮䲻϶͸þʹϴĸ棬Ϊ˲벻϶˼м֣Ǩŭˣ̳ȶͽΪ˼䣬ﲻˡСѴϹʦѧһϢʬĵĿһУɱ¾ԡ
һ˵شһĿصС㶫ɱɱ쾹ҹĳǰҰ
ٺһЦĿѵֵСѪծѪ쿴㻹ôӿĳģ
֮һ˫Ƥ΢΢£ţֻ¶һĿ⣬źһ΢΢һӲ
ƾź£һĮӱ飺㻹ԶԶ
ĿһɨǰƣһЦֵʲǺܹŹ֣һʱסˣʱòһᣬҾܿ͸
һ£ֵʱҲڡҲЩ˵ڵˡ
˵ƫһͷȴ˫Į۾עϡ
Υˡ벻ʱ㡣
濵ͷòصˡ
֮һӵ˵һжĹˡ
Ϊ˸Ϊֳ岻ݴǵ¡
֮һͷ˵뵽һ㣬һǲٷŹˡ
뵽ˡԵһһҲŹ㡣
֮Ϸֳڽ
ڽǷŶжġ
ڽƽǰصƽԸߣԸ븾ŮӶ֡
˵һֵ˳ڻüһ֣Ļɾ΢΢ˡ
濵һЦ֮书ȷǸ˵һ䳤־Ļȷƽʹ㣬Ľ£Ҳһ顣
֮벻Ȼ˵ֻ֮£ɫȻһ䡣
ֺοࣿ̾Ϣһ˵ʵ˵ɱ󲮸һʱȻѳʵȴҲ޿κΡ
Цһƽ£ڣҿһ棬ȴĪҸǰϣȴȥɣ
濶üһչ˵úɣңȴĲ㣬бŽ
һԵĹź޿̣һɥ
ڹźµĸоǼΪʹĵһ¡
ҪΪһӣͬʱΪ߸
ʱ֮£ź߳һнһ٣߳һ䣡
ͬʱƶһȦӡ
ͬ׺׵ʮһڽĽ⣬һָ֮
֮ڳͬʱһ٣һǰأһں󱳣΢΢¶ף鲻㳲ŭǡԪһļʽ
źٿ߳һͣ
תȦͻȻֹ
ֻʮһڳ˷ͻع
֮תڽϹ⻪磬ֻáǺॡһҵĽ֮жȥͬʱ˼ı
ˣް
ȾڳϡС·ֱ֮ȫ
֮Цһ¿粽ӡ
Ҳƶһɲǣչ
֮˵ǹȻǰƣȴ֪
Ϊˣǰɾʹس˿ͷ
֮·һƵȻ༴á
ֻǰһڣһʡ
ȴһɲǣꡱһ⣬໬˹ȥ
ȻȴϮѩ˳̵һӡ
ָֽ֮ɽϱ³೤һ׹⡣
ɫӭǸ˷һҽУΪĽˡ
ȻҲڹ֮ڶγʱһƼ񽣷硣
ɽ磬һڹ֮Уʱֲ֪ӡ
۾֪ķǰһֳó
ڽȻӴ֮£ɵϹһŹӰֳ֮ӭУ⵱ڣбȴֹ˶ˡ
ĿڽȴǲȡֲͬĹɱӡ
֮һذοն
һɲǣһӰڹ֮һµĵʩչһʽƯĹ֮ƣɹ֮֮Ϸ˹ȥ
ͬʱ䣬нѻΪһƬ⣬֮Ϯȥ
ڽڶνĵڣ֮ѿǴȺֵǸź¡
֮һЦ
һ˺ЦޱߵζȴҲʾɱ˵ľġ
ȻʱδƵİأһȴ
Ǿǣѿ׼˹źˣҲӿǰ
һʮֵİա
ԣڹźһ䶨ĵڣʯȥ
źʵԽʹƵı仯ǰ˰ѿ
Ȼ߾ǿĸԣ书տ䳬һȡ
Ȼ֪֮ǱѰ˵ҪսڶԷǰ첻顣
ǰҪͶԷһ¡
ôһͷڹ֮͵ƣҲš
˫һչĲɱ
һԭ󷨷Ϊʩչˡ
ֳĵģɭɭĽлŰɫգƿ֮
ɷϣźǽеһ֣
Ľڻߣǧã˵ǲ׽֮
ȻҵĶ̫ˡ
ȻˣǶ˿ʼʱȥȴҲѷ
ֳ֮ӦУڽȻ֮ȻȴʩչüȻ⣬ƮȻ
źµĽƷâ¶ɱаȻ
֮Ľȴɽȥվ㻺
Ͽ˽һ·һ֣ȴѷѽ⡣
źµĽ׺磬ʩչֻһŰ׹⣬޳
ŵǣֿ죬϶׼
Ȼ۶ôĽƣԵ֣ÿһΪ֮ڽȦ⡣
֮һֽȥȻ˼㣬νп족϶ʱȴǳ治Ŀ죬Ϊǿʱȴֻ
ܵˣΪֻ֮ĽеʵĪ⣬Ľ·ҲΪرʵڿʲôİ֮
ξܵó
֮ܵ߰µֻһˡź¡
˫вʱźе˶ԷƵͱˡ
棬ʵ档
ڱ˴˽Ժ󣬹źΪԷɭɭĽϮ
ʹǣоǵǶԷϵǿڽʹǶԷǸˣԼһĪвоԷ˽֮䣬һĿӣȴܸܳһ
εͬһУһľۣ
Ҳ԰ѿһơ
źʱ֪
һɲǣĲſʼη֮⣬ظеڡ
˫ֵڰʱ֮ĽϷֺֻͬáꡱһ˹źͷϵķ١
źһʹȫһ
ճۣźӣԵݳ⡣
Ȼ˿̣Է֮ǹĪ֮
źȻʩչȫҲݳĳ߿⡣
ӷһ£ͷ׷ٿɢͷΪ˿ɢ
Ҳһɲǣ֮
ź´һ
ԤԼѾӿԷĶ֣䣬ȻԵһ
˵ʱ򣬳ʩչĪɱ֣һܡ
źˡ
ֻһĳХнıΪ˫ֺϳ֣һǰĽرǳһعβ
һĿݣдһɼĽ磬ڽϵĹ⻪ûΪǣֱ֮ȫȥ
һֽСǡ
ź¼ȫעڽ֮ڣڽըÿһŽǣɱ֮
˼һĿ죬ҲƺͬӣȻػһ飬СŽ⣬Ȼһš
ŵİ׹⣬˵ӣôҴҵһɲǣȴַ˿
ֿȴǷֿˡ
˫ĵӰ֮һȻȥ
µǸ˲ǹ֮
ǹź£
֮￴ȴֻɵѪӿ
ź˵ȴһҲ˵ٿһȥ
ԭõһ󣬺ȻͻȻɥʱγޱȵң
֮ߵ˹źǰ
ǿڽѹϡ
źֻʣһ˫ŭ͹ض֮
չġҪ񡭡õӦģ
˵仰ʱӿһѪӶһţֻȻسֻ֣ӵȥ
֮ЦĺˣҵΪУͲ˿
Ժ˻ǣ
㡭㡭
ź»ڣŻ˵ڶѪ
ʱһŭĺУһӰӥ֮
ǹźǸŴ
ȻĿʦɥ޿̣Żʧȥǵ
֮ȻǱȴѶԷľٶһĿڶһ˿۾
ͷҲһֻۣĽһӣϹΣͬһӭ羪İؾ˹ȥ
ڳ˿㶼Ϊһ亹
濡
Ȼȷ֪书Σȴ϶ӿԷһ
Ϊ֪֮׳Уÿһбذɱ档
ʵ
һǺεȵĿ£ƱڶԷƵĽ֮µȥ
ȫÿһˣͬôһ뷨ʱ˿³ͻȻڳ֮ˣֻĵ׷һ⣬˭Ҳûȡ
ȻǴ⣡
֮ǹһȻδء
ǵأ˺Ҳ̸ϡ
ŵǵܹסһڻй
ڽĽһӵĵٿһ
һֵзв
ӷһɲǣ֮ڶѻӳȴΪĲʹù֮һ˿ա
֮Ȼһ
쳣һ˫۾ǰ
ȴְӿٵؿ£˹
ȻģȻʩչֵзвֻֽŽ
أ
ڽңбŻ˳ȥ
ȥǼΪƽһƵһ⣬бɹ֮࿳
Ȼ˵ʮ۵һȻʮľˣ
Ŀ֮£λ첻µزµɱħ֮ȻֳһŻģ
֮ȻһʱмסһС
ŻȻһˣˣһȻ·
ֻһ㡣
һǰ벽֮ʹӵûҲƱ˵
֮
ֽ
˫ûٽС
֮Ǿ¡
ȫһƬȻ
κ˶벻ʲôɡ
˶Կһ
֮һЦ˵˵һ仰
һԼ˭ģ
Ϣصܲţ
˵֮ǰһ̸ͯġǲǣ
ͯ
һ֣
ȴѾȷ֮ȷˣɵһ׳
֮ԭͲ԰׵һᵽˡͯʱҲʹ뵽ͯˣԵһƬ⡣
ȥˡ
˵ͯ
ȻĻȻȻɫȴѷӳڵӡ
Цչģ벻Ҳµˣڵˡ
֮һ¡
ƺر˽Ҵˡ
һ㶼ηǸˣȷͯȻĴ㣬ȴϣʱ
ԣէȻ˵Ϣ֮ԵһƬ⡣
ʱʩչĹơ
֮ٿ˳߳⡣
ŭ߳ٴΰȥзвνȻԭ档
֮ǰʱԵ쳣ľ壬ʩչʱѾ˽ϵľϣηˡ
ĽµһɲǣѸٵһȦӡ
ȵʱֹ
֮ĽƵػȴ
һš
쵹Ѫ
֮ѹԶԶСӣԭֻôһ֣
ЦһĿֵͯΪƲ㣬Ȼ㱾£͸ö㼸֣㣬Ҳ
ѪȪӿֻľôˡ
ɫΪʹı飬Խǿڽ
ƺԤе֮ػ߽Լ˵ĳ嶯
ͯˣһֱ˵ÿ˵ȷһš
֮ȷûв´һֹֽȻͯġ
ǲ֮µֻһУУֻãͯʱڵʩչ䲻þʤ˹֮Ըá
Ȼǲġ
˫۾ｻ֯ޱȵķߺޡڴ
ڴŹ֮ǰ
ϣûա
֮Ѿߵߣվ
Ҫһ仰
˵ʱһֻ̤˴Ѫʱֹס
ֳʱѴҡ
ŵӣ˫˫֮๥
֮ȽɫУ
ӲתֻĽͬʱӵǰء
ӣӻµأڿоѾȺʬ׹ȥ
һҲûһٳ
ֳֻʣ°׺׹Լӣ߸ڰ׺׹Ķ֮£½һ󣬰ѹ֮Χڡ
֮ͬδãͲǿС
ǰӵڵϣǸϡ
˵ͯ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
˵ʵҿ㲻
ЦŵΪ̰֮ô
֮Цã֡
˵ʱŤĽһָ˵ô߸ʮƶغ΢ЦͯҲһ棬߸˲
ҧҲ֪أ
ô߸˾ˡ
һ£ͷðɡҸ㣬ҪԶš
֮ɫһϲңͬһ
ͦһ¡
һֱѹڱ
Ž
ڹ֮ǰһɲǣѻӽ֡
һȻǵԸ˴ڣв˸Ľ⣬಻˵ơ
ֻһֱơ
Ȼ֮ȴһʱмܣٿһĽ⣬ǰػһѪۡ
֮ߡһ䣬ͷĳ
һɱ˳棬ֱֳÿһ˶ôĿġ
ʹľʹģҵҲûǰ
ڰ׺׹һ֮߳£߸ͬʱȥ
׺׹ңڽͬʱʹ˹
֮벻ڴ֮ǰȻдһ֣ϵʩչһֽǰĸߣǵǸͯĴڣһʱ⣬˴
֪ϰϳ˵ˣѪ䱦һʧѪ䱾Ӱ죡һ˵ء
ԣ֮ʱΪȻ
ƫƫ׺׹Ȼʱ룬봳
֮ò˹
ַֻѰ濵ӻ˳ȥ
Ȼ׺׹Ľ⣬ȴ˹֮ߣĺ޹֮ڽ˹һ̳
Ҫƽأ֮򲻻ᱻУǴ˿б𣬹֮⽣֮ʹʧѪ࣬ʩŻΪС
׺׹һ֣ķϲȴδ˵̫һ㡣
ټϼֹѽ¶Է
֮ȴѲˡ
ֻХһһתáॡһڰ׺׹еǿڳȻһΪǹ֮һ
׺׹ǲ
ֻнһһ֮סȫ׺׹һֻһڶӦԣԷǿڳ¡
ֻáһ
ŭѪ罦׺׹϶£пϣµȥ
ͬʱ䣬֮
ȻˣƲᣬȻȥأ˵ãһ̣üƮԺ⡣
ֳҲ̶á
ʬ壬ŭѪ罦ÿĿ޲Ŀġ
ɵϻ
ŵһУоôͻȻôӵûģﻹеĪ
վԺشЩѪܵʬ壬ֻϵѪ·ȫˡ
߰λǰŵ
šĹź¡
šĸء
׺šİ׺׵
Сšĸ˫ɡ˦ּ¡绢ΰšóϣ罣ϡ̫꽣ˡ彣޼
Щǰģһʱȴʬޱߵԩ
ţţɾ鲻Խӿ˳
ʣµšӣһľͷ˶شֳ
ֹһǲʦź£Լʦʬ֮ϣ׷ʹ
濽ҧһһǺ򶨣һˣǴ˿̣ôһʬ壬ȻҲʧȥˡ
һϣĻ
ľʹ˰ݡ
˼ŵ˹֮ˣӲԶģҲǰõֻᡣ
һ𣬼˼
ػعͷ۾˸ŭ
ǼšµĵӣվԭϷ
ǸϿʰ˻ȥ
ӴӦһŻŶ̧ʬ
濵ǧҪ˵ϵĹˣ˱ȻѾˣȥ
˵һĽǰߡ
һӺȻסȥ
濵Ҳ˵ôչȥˣȻӲԶġ
˵꣬Ͳ˼һʱ·ƽ쬵Խǽȥ
ɫѽƻ衣
һƬأ캮úܾû꣬涼ѹˡ
ɴǰհ˼ԶüһƬɽӰӣپڻĵϵҰ««ףŷ¿ţɫΪȻ
վǰհˣԶޱߡ
Ҫ˵һˣһֻӣһֻӵӥҲӲȥ
϶Ӳѵġ
ͮĺϣɫԵ
޵ĸˣȴޱȵıߡ
Ҳ嶯ҲҪɱˡ
ڿϮŵķľ촽Ҳԭеĺ󣬿ȥԴҰףһʧѪ
õĹ֮󣬹ȻΪֵһЩߣһֱעԶȴ˽µԺۼ
ʺѪڸѵϣȻѱ˸ɾأԿɼԺɫİǡ
ǰֵһ̯Ѫա
վڵһ̯Ѫϣע˺ܾãŷֵڶ̯Ѫա
֮䣬߰Զ
վڵڶ̯Ѫٴ̯ѪգҲ߰Զľ롣
ѾԶ϶֮ȷʵ·˵أ
ֻÿһ̯ѪյľԶĹƶϣ֪֮ϵĹأ˵ãֻƾÿһ߰ɵľһϣͿԶ϶
ĽչѭŵϵѪգһ·׷ȥ
ˣ׷ȥСʱ
ɫӵİˡ
òϸرʶŵϵѪգϵѪ٣ʱֻһΡ
ʾ
һ֮ʧѪ࣬Ѫز
ڶ֮Ѿ跨ֹסѪ
濵룬ڵڶֵĿԽϴ󣬼ʹȻڶĲ²ȷĻô֮Ȼ൱ս
΢һ£ⷬʧһ£ǰн
ǰƬ߳ɽµأŸ߳ߣ⵹ǰδע⵽ġ
·̤µأһˮ⵹һ£ȷ֪ﻹһϪˮ
ɽɢѣέݡ
ǰ˼վڵһѺ棬Ŷȥ
ǰһˮ
ˮɣǰҲ֪Դͷȥ֪
ȻЩҪ֪ġ
עǶ԰һƬС޼ЩСĹľԣһƬڵϣ̾ʮĶһط
ʱΪ֮һ
֮Ƭ޼ǿɾˡ
켸Ҫˡ
һˣƬ޼Ҫҵһصˣǿɾ̫ˡ
һˡ
ƮҲ෽
ƫͷ΢΢һǴǸ֮ɲסһϲ
㣬ʦ֣
ǹ
ˣһ濸Ҫ򶨳סӡ
һѣŶ԰Ƭ޼ԣֳһȻӡ
ʦ֣ʲôʱģ
һˣָһ˵ñ˿ˡ
濵ͷæӶ
ʦ֣Ҳ׷չģ
һͷ
˫ӣƺ϶һطʼվĿתضǸط
Ѿˣ
ƫһۣȻϿתȻǸ



ֻһ°ͣ˳۹ֱȥֵȻֻһƬ޼
ʮſչľͲ
濵æ϶£ʮſá
΢΢һΪͿǿӰֻƮϴһƬɫ
һƬƣ
Ʈڵϵƣ
ǡƣ
ǵģЦһ˹ʲ˱ˣȴң
ʮ־㵵صô֪ģ
صڹϰ˶عΪʦ׺ǰˣԪ˿̶˹Ϣ
һȻΪʲôˮȥɱһֲ
Ц˵úɣ
˵ʱƫͷһ۵Ϊˣʩչǿɾʹˡ
ʦʲôʶ
⼸Ϧദѵ֪ѹ컯ʱգԴﵽ֮ΪˣͿ׸ǿɾʹشˣĿǰۣҶ׶ˮֻδǱ˰ѾʬϪ֮ˡ
濲һֳ˲֮ɫ
̾Ϣһ˵ľʵɣô򵥣ֺαؿβΪ
Цôôô
ǵڣ
ʦ֣Īǻʲôƣ
ʲôƣЦһ׿濵Īһˣ
ʲôˣ
Ǹͯˡ
ͯ뵽˸ղųԹ֮Ǹˣѿڵͯ

ǷԹȴ
˲һٿػعͷ
ĺɫվһ޳ģѮʿģˡ
һæվǰ
ѺЦ߽Ŀһ濣æվҪ
˵ͷﲻض˵
˵ʱһǶ߰վӡ
濲ʤȵؿ򹭸ʦ֣λǰǡ
Ҫ𻰡
ݸЦͯǹղͯ
濼Ⱦϲصеͯǰ
һЦֵǰҵǿԵǰ֡
˵ָ򹭸ղѾˣһУ⼸ҲţչȻ˵ˣ˵µϢ¡С˹Ҫˣֻ»ס
һôǰ˼ĪǾͷŹô
ô˵飡
ͯŴʿϣһ˿Цݣŵ֣¾ͽˡ
ǰ˼Ҫ
ҵԩҡͷʮ꣬Ŵαƭϵ
ٺ٣죬ұѩ޵ʱˡ
ϲǰôԸ
ҵȻа취
Цһȥղɱ練ƣֻȴԸΪ¼ڽ˹Ϣȵ»ָ֮ٳ֣޻˵ˡ
ʱλͯˡ
ʮߵ꣬üޣĿᣬ˵һɣһֿɰĶʡһˣһ㽭оȽȷʵȤ֪ĵϸҲ²ˡ
һֱλΪԼǸ˲ˣ书Ȼδظ˵£Ǻˣ˭ֱ֪Ըȥˡ
һУԵĿù֮Ȼ似ʼ
ԭΪܹﵽ֮Ȼľ֮󣬱Ȼ˫ˡ
ֳһͯ
ͯ书Ȼδ֪Ȼ̸ƣԼɣѿ֪Ƿʿƻڹ֮֮ϡ
еãȻˣ
ʲô书ߣ
ʲôˣųƵ
ƺЩٶȻ¶ˡ
һʱֻԼǰСС΢̾Ϣһͷ˵
ͯĿתעŶƬ޼أɫƽ
ҲŰһԲ
ԤһսҪʼˡ
ͯ΢΢Цš
˫ӣƺܹԷ֮һƬ
΢΢һͷګګصҪֳˡ
ʱɽˮϣѸֳһƬ΢΢ҹɫܼȴΪ͡
ȻһЩо书ԼĿˣʲôӰ졣
濣һֱעŶǿ鷽֮أرһСƬƮ޼ϵġơ
·ˡ
ͯͣһɲǣǺȻƬơڿмشת
أƻΪһӰ滺£
ƿתΪ״ͬʱֳ֮ӡ
֮ʼһֱϥǿ޼£ʱֻ׵գһ̬
ͷǿ顰ơΪһɫƴϤͶ
ת˲֮䣬ǿ鷽ԲɵƿѻΪ顣
ҹɫǿ֮վӡ
ʱ˹ϢȥȻɫöˣ˫ֵӣƺָԭеʡ
΢ܴһۣʼǰƬ޼ء
²ſԽȻסӡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԾĵط֮Ȼɫ䡣
ʲôڹĳƤ£Ū飿
һ˵һĿȻǰһ΢΢ǰһףӣٿһȻ
ǰһЩ޼ͬʱзִ㼯һУֱЩСĹľڰ֮ϣ׷佦ǰϪˮ֮ϣһʱˮĽƶ˵ľѼ
ڹ֮ƵͬʱƺӰһ
ʶؾͯ춯
ͷһȻʧȥͯӰӡ
æٻعͷʱȴطλͯѾǰ棡
ֱġ
ǸͯȻֱֱˮϡ
ûκεĽֻƾԼһ˫ţʵڵ̤ˮϡ
ˮ޳ʱš
ϮɫϾƮţɣȷˣ
֮Ȼ
̬Ȼһ
һһü
ˮϵͯЦչģ벻ˣδꡣ겻㿴ȥƺݶˡ
֮ȫһֳȵľ壬ǲ㾪֮ɫˣ֮ȴޱȵķߺޡ
һͳЦ֮֮˫ԭúܴӣȻüΪϸСһ졣
ͷϵһ縶̷һ֮һֱ
ͯҲҲˣ֮ҧɱ߳һЦܻѡʱ粻ٲŹĳӹͷ̫þʱ
֮˵š
ͯȻվˮϡ
˿˻ƴûʱؾȻͯܣȴһȦεţһ˻εӿȣȴܽһ㡢һǣ
ɫȻǳʱǰ
˵ǲ㳲ŭ
չģˣͯĳҪ֮Σڡʮӡ̻ʱͿȡˣֺαصȵڣ
㣿֮ɫһݵԭ׺ˣ
֮»ʲô˵ģչģδķϣС
ϣ⣬ǿɾ̫ˡ
㡭
㡱ֳڣ֮ӺȻ
һƬưƮݣô죬ôᣡ
˶һơ
һˮϡ
ͬʱ
ڶڿУ
йһ˫ӥգһ룬ַ˿
ţɾһʤĵˡ
½ϡ
ƬС޼֮ϡ
ֻֻ֣Ϸˣض԰һ£ֵ˿
Ȼδ졣
ͯȻˮϣǰᣬǰɣǰĴݲȡ
ղԭеֱֱ̬վˮϣˮسظȻǰ۹֮ɾͲͬˡ
һ߰˲ʵ
µͬʱŴŵĺ飬һӿ˳
ۿӲʵӣȻһѸٵһš
ͯЦһ˫΢ӥҲƵȻԾ֮䣬Ѿ˹֮ǰ
չģɣֻˣԺȥǸϹʦȥʮʦͽͯͯϣӦó׵һˡ
֮ϢǰңֻñϢɢơ
ͯģҲҲġ
ҲӮˡ
١֮ЦŵˮһСŸġûˣҿˮ֣ˡ
øң
Ϊʲô
ۣ֮ס
ͯЦΪʲô֮ˣͯҵġơô
ֻδˮףҵͥʹʬὭˡ
֮һ
һſȻس̾Ϣһ
˵òҵĹ򣬿Ҫһ
ɷ
ҡˡ̾ϢһȻһۣǶôģ˵ĺã˵˿
Ƥ΢΢£
ʱһ˫ǿڣһ˫ǰװ׵Ķ
ֻ֪ͯ꣬ɵĻ塰ࡱʮ궬ߣۿŴ󹦴ɣȴ£һøʬҰȻ̾
ͯʬǰãһ仰Ҳû˵
֪ʱ濡߹ˡ
ֵǣ˵۾ʪˣ 







 
